基于形态学性状和SSR标记的辣椒种质资源遗传多样性分析  

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Pepper Germplasms Based on Morphological Traits and SSR Markers

作　　者：杨志刚 张鹏程 常海文 康立茹 左毅 向浩鑫 韩凤英 Zhigang Yang;Pengcheng Zhang;Haiwen Chang;Liru Kang;Yi Zuo;Haoxin Xiang;Fengying Han(Vegetable and Flower Research Institute,Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China;Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology,Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,呼和浩特010031 [2]中国科学院植物研究所,植物分子生理学重点实验室,北京100093

出　　处：《植物学报》2025年第2期218-234,共17页Chinese Bulletin of Botany

基　　金：内蒙古“揭榜挂帅”项目(No.2022JBGS0028);内蒙古自然科学基金(No.2019BS03031);内蒙古科技计划(No.2021GG0382)。

摘　　要：分析了146份辣椒(Capsicum spp.)种质资源的形态学性状,同时利用简单重复序列(SSR)标记分析了其遗传多样性和群体遗传结构。形态学性状多样性分析结果表明,质量性状和数量性状的变异系数分别为8.22%–267.58%与14.35%–72.51%,Shannon多样性指数分别为0.04–1.91与1.58–2.02,说明辣椒种质资源多样性丰富。利用SSR标记从22对引物中检测出102个等位基因,平均每对引物检测出4.636个等位基因,有效等位基因变异范围为1.191–5.311,Shannon多样性指数为0.345–2.056,多态性信息含量(PIC)为0.153–0.795,146份辣椒种质资源平均遗传距离为0.429。基于表型和分子标记的聚类分析分别将辣椒种质资源分为6类和7类,但2种聚类结果相关性较弱(r=0.3967)。群体遗传结构分析将辣椒种质遗传结构分为2组,不同组之间界限明显。研究阐明了146份辣椒种质资源的遗传多样性和群体遗传结构,为后续种质鉴定及新品种选育奠定了理论基础。INTRODUCTION:Genetic diversity is the natural attribute of organisms formed in the long-term evolution process,which refers to the sum of all genetic variations of different individuals within a species or a group.Pepper(Capsicum spp.),a popular vegetable crop in China,is cultivated extensively with a substantial annual yield.Nevertheless,the widespread adoption of commercial pepper varieties has led to a gradual reduction in its genetic diversity,resulting in an increasing homogenization of germplasm resources.Given that germplasm forms the foundation for crop genetic improvement,maintaining rich genetic diversity is crucial for effective breeding.RATIONALE:On the other hand,morphological markers serve as a fundamental approach for investigating plant phenotypic diversity,as they allow researchers to evaluate the variations in marked samples through the observation of plant agronomic traits.On the other hand,molecular markers,particularly SSR(simple sequence repeat)markers,have gained widespread application in the breeding of new crop varieties and related fields due to their accuracy and reliability.This study focused on analyzing the diversity of 146 pepper germplasms in Inner Mongolia by employing both morphological traits and SSR markers.RESULTS:We assessed 34 morphological traits of 146 pepper germplasms and evaluated their genetic diversity using 22 pairs of SSR primers.Our analysis revealed a high degree of diversity in the traits of these pepper lines.The results of phenotypic trait diversity analysis showed that the coefficient of variation of quality traits and quantitative traits ranged from 8.22%to 267.58%and 14.35%to 72.51%,respectively,and the Shannon-Wiener diversity index ranged from 0.04 to 1.91 and 1.58 to 2.02,respectively.The genetic diversity of pepper germplasm resources was rich.A total of 102 alleles were detected by 22 pairs of SSR fluorescent molecular markers,with an average of 4.636 alleles per pair of primers.The effective allelic variation ranged from 1.191 to 5.311,the Shannon-Wien

关 键 词：辣椒 形态学性状 分子标记 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]