会阴部三维超声评估产后6个月盆底肌群损伤程度与盆底功能障碍的相关性研究  

Correlation Study between Three-dimensional Perineal Ultrasound Assessment of Pelvic Floor Muscle Injury and Pelvic Floor Dysfunction at 6 Months Postpartum

作　　者：尹化如 赵金凤[1] 段玉梅 李敏[1] 王燕[2] YIN Hua-ru;ZHAO Jin-feng;DUAN Yu-mei;LI Min;WANG Yan(Department of Ultrasound,BenQ Hospital Afiliated to Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing,Jiangsu,210019,China;Department of Blood Transfusion,BenQ Hospital Afiliated to Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing,Jiangsu,210019,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属明基医院超声科,江苏南京210019 [2]南京医科大学附属明基医院输血科,江苏南京210019

出　　处：《现代生物医学进展》2025年第6期1049-1056,共8页Progress in Modern Biomedicine

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20210028)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨会阴部三维超声评估产后6个月盆底肌群损伤程度与盆底功能障碍的相关性。方法:选取2023年1月至2023年12月在我院产科就诊的102例产后6个月女性作为研究对象。采用会阴部三维超声检查评估盆底肌群损伤程度,同时进行盆底功能评估问卷调查和临床检查,分析盆底肌群损伤程度与盆底功能障碍的相关性。结果:(1)102例产妇中,轻度损伤38例(37.25%),中度损伤42例(41.18%),重度损伤22例(21.57%);(2)盆底功能障碍发生率为43.14%(44/102),其中压力性尿失禁25例(24.51%),盆腔脏器脱垂12例(11.76%),性功能障碍18例(17.65%);(3)盆底肌群损伤程度与盆底功能障碍发生率呈显著正相关(r=0.782,P<0.01);(4)多元回归分析显示,产妇年龄≥35岁(OR=2.45,95%CI:1.32-4.56)、分娩时胎儿体重≥4000 g(OR=3.12,95%CI:1.68-5.79)、第二产程延长(OR=2.89,95%CI:1.54-5.42)是盆底功能障碍的独立危险因素。结论:会阴部三维超声能够准确评估产后盆底肌群损伤程度,损伤程度与盆底功能障碍具有显著相关性,临床应重视产后盆底肌群的评估和康复指导。Objective:To investigate the correlation between three-dimensional perineal ultrasound assessment of pelvic floor muscle injury and pelvic floor dysfunction at 6 months postpartum.Methods:102 women at 6 months postpartum who visited our hospital's obstetrics department from January 2023 to December 2023 were selected as research subjects.Three-dimensional perineal ultrasound was used to assess the degree of pelvic floor muscle injury,combined with pelvic floor function assessment questionnaires and clinical examinations to analyze the correlation between pelvic floor muscle injury and pelvic floor dysfunction.Results:(1)Among 102 postpartum women,38 cases(37.25%)had mild injury,42 cases(41.18%)had moderate injury,and 22 cases(21.57%)had severe injury;(2)The incidence of pelvic floor dysfunction was 43.14%(44/102),including 25 cases(24.51%)of stress urinary incontinence,12 cases(11.76%)of pelvic organ prolapse,and 18 cases(17.65%)of sexual dysfunction;(3)The degree of pelvic floor muscle injury was significantly positively correlated with the incidence of pelvic floor dysfunction(r=0.782,P<0.01);(4)Multivariate regression analysis showed that maternal age≥35 years(OR=2.45,95%CI:1.32-4.56),fetal birth weight≥4000 g(OR=3.12,95%CI:1.68-5.79),and prolonged second stage of labor(OR=2.89,95%CI:1.54-5.42)were independent risk factors for pelvic floor dysfunction.Conclusion:Three-dimensional perineal ultrasound can accurately assess the degree of postpartum pelvic floor muscle injury,which has a significant correlation with pelvic floor dysfunction.Clinical attention should be paid to postpartum pelvic floor muscle assessment and rehabilitation guidance.

关 键 词：会阴部三维超声 盆底肌群 产后 功能障碍 相关性研究 

分 类 号：R3[医药卫生—基础医学] R445.1R711.4