怒江草果健康种苗繁育和高产栽培技术  

Healthy Seedling Breeding and High-yield Cultivation Techniques for Amomum tsaoko in Nujiang

作　　者：杨晓宇 吴莲张 杨毅 友胜军 廖方平 元超 YANG Xiaoyu;WU Lianzhang;YANG Yi;YOU Shengjun;LIAO Fangping;YUAN Chao(Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute,CATAS/Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Tropical Medicinal Plants,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China;School of Tropical Crops,Yunnan Agricultural University,Pu’er,Yunnan 665099,China;Nujiang Green Spice Industry Research Institute,Lushui,Yunnan 673199,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所/海南省热带药用植物工程研究中心,海南海口571101 [2]云南农业大学热带作物学院,云南普洱665099 [3]怒江绿色香料产业研究院,云南泸水673199

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2025年第3期37-41,共5页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项计划(No.202202AE090035)。

摘　　要：草果林下种植具有地方特色优势,草果的种植为农民带来了稳定的收入来源,同时也有助于生态环境的保护,促进了土地的有效利用,为怒江地区的脱贫攻坚做出了积极贡献。然而怒江州地势陡峭,草果种植管理粗放,导致产量品质参差不齐,病虫害发生风险高,严重影响当地草果产业的健康发展。笔者结合自身多年来的草果栽培一线工作经验,通过对近年来草果栽培相关文献的查阅,从草果的选地整地、种苗繁育、定植、田间管理及病虫害防治、采收等方面进行了详细探讨,结合怒江州沿江三县市独特地形和气候特点,系统总结了适宜怒江的草果规范化种植管理技术,可有效稳定和提高草果的产量,防止病虫害大规模发生。相关工作对巩固拓展怒江州脱贫攻坚成果,有效衔接乡村振兴具有重要意义。Understory planting of Amomum tsaoko has distinct local advantages.This practice not only provides farmers with a stable income but also contributes to ecological conservation,enhances land utilization efficiency,and supports poverty al-leviation in Nujiang.However,the steep terrain of Nujiang and the extensive management practices have led to unstable yields,inconsistent fruit quality,and high risks of pest and disease outbreaks,which severely hinder the sustainable development of the local A.tsaoko industry.On the basis of a review of recent literature and our long-term fieldwork,this study comprehen-sively addresses key cultivation aspects,including site selection,soil preparation,seedling breeding,transplanting,field man-agement,pest and disease control,and harvesting.Considering the unique topography and climatic conditions of the three counties along the Nujiang River in Nujiang,we propose standardized cultivation techniques to stabilize and improve yields while preventing large-scale pest and disease infestations.These findings are crucial for consolidating poverty alleviation achievements and facilitating the transition to rural revitalization of Nujiang.

关 键 词：草果 林下种植 规范化 病虫害防治 栽培技术 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]