不同生态环境三七高产高效栽培试验  

Analysis of the Higher Yield and Higher Benefit Mode of Panax notoginseng under Different Ecological Conditions

作　　者：赵大伟[1] 王灿 杨莉[2] 孙宏伟 徐杰[1] 李玲 ZHAO Dawei;WANG Can;YANG Li;SUN Hongwei;XU Jie;LI Ling(Wenshan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wenshan,Yunnan 663099,China;Sanqi Medical College of Wenshan University,Wenshan,Yunnan 663099,China)

机构地区：[1]文山州农业科学院,云南文山663099 [2]文山学院三七医药学院,云南文山663099

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2025年第3期57-63,共7页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：文山州兴文英才项目(No.WS-KJLJ0009);绿色高效三七种植技术提升与应用示范项目[No.文财农【2024】3号]。

摘　　要：为研究不同生态环境下三七经济效益间差异,采用随机区组设计对21个试验点的三七进行了有效红籽产量、新鲜三七产量和经济效益研究。结果表明,不同生态环境与地区其有效红籽产量、鲜药材及经济效益均有较大差异。三七有效红籽产量差异明显,红籽产量较好的地区大多年均气温较高且降雨量适中,其中种植在都龙(年均气温18.3℃,年均降水量1500.0 mm)的红籽产量最高,达729.71 kg/667m^(2),其经济效益(1152136.41元/hm^(2))也是供试品种中最高的。因此,除了栽培技术之外,影响红籽产量的重要因素是气温和种植海拔,在1200~1500 m海拔适宜种植三七的地区,气温越高单位面积红籽产量越高,栽培海拔高于1500 m的地区,海拔越高红籽产量越低。新鲜三七产量差异较小,其中种植在八寨(年均气温16.5℃,年均降水量1300.0 mm)的三七产量最高,达1069.05 kg/667m^(2)。试验结果为三七可持续生态种植提供理论依据,也为三七资源开发提供方法和手段。To investigate the economic performance of the various types of Panax notoginseng types under different eco-logical conditions,a randomized block design method was used to study the effective red seed yield,fresh Sanqi yield,and economic benefits of Sanqi at 21 experimental sites.The results indicated that the fresh yield of red seeds and the economic performance significantly differed among different ecological conditions.The effectiveness of red seeds in P.notoginseng sig-nificantly differed,and the red seed yield was excellent in areas with relatively high average annual temperatures and moderate rainfall.P.notoginseng from Dulong(average annual temperature of 18.3℃and annual average precipitation of 1500.0 mm)had the highest fresh yield of red seeds,which was 729.71 kg·667 m^(-2) among the tested samples,and the economic benefit was 1152136.41 yuan·hm^(-2)at the twenty-one different experimental sites.Therefore,in addition to the cultivation technique,two other important factors affect the effectiveness of red seeds:temperature and planting altitude.In areas suitable for P.notoginseng cultivation at an altitude of 1200~1500 m,higher temperatures led to greater effectiveness of red seeds.However,in areas with an altitude above 1500 m,higher altitudes led to lower effectiveness of red seeds.The fresh yield was not sig-nificantly different,and P.notoginseng from Bazhai(average annual temperature 16.5℃,annual average precipitation 1300.0 mm)had the highest fresh yield,which was 1069.05 kg·667 m^(-2) among the tested samples.This study provides a theoretical basis for the sustainable ecological planting of P.notoginseng and provides methods for the development of P.notoginseng.

关 键 词：三七 不同生态环境地区 有效红籽 新鲜三七产量 经济效益 

分 类 号：S567.236[农业科学—中草药栽培]