稚蚕期饲料桑育对家蚕全龄生长发育和经济性状的影响  

Effect of Mulberry Breeding during the Early Larval Stage on the Growth,Development,and Economic Traits of Bombyx mori at All Instars

作　　者：粟思源 吴子周 刘俊凤[1,2] 肖文福[1,2] 杜周和[1,2] 左艳春[1,2] SU Siyuan;WU Zizhou;LIU Junfeng;XIAO Wenfu;DU Zhouhe;ZUO Yanchun(Sericulture Research Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchong,Sichuan 637000,China;Institute of Special Economic Animals and Plants,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchong,Sichuan 637000,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院蚕业研究所,四川南充637000 [2]四川省农业科学院特种经济动植物研究所,四川南充637000

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2025年第3期70-77,共8页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：四川川中北蚕桑优势特色产业集群科技创新项目(南充市);南充市科技计划项目(No.23YYJCYJ0043);四川蚕桑创新团队(No.SCCXTD-2024-17)。

摘　　要：分析饲料桑各叶位营养成分变化及其对家蚕生长发育与经济性状的影响,探讨稚蚕期利用饲料桑替代蚕用桑养蚕,避免稚蚕期桑叶供应不足的可能性。分别采集饲料桑叶和蚕用桑叶,检测各叶位桑叶的营养成分,通过养蚕试验生物鉴定,实证分析饲料桑叶对家蚕的影响。结果表明,相同叶位的饲料桑和蚕用桑粗灰分、粗蛋白、粗纤维、可溶性碳水化合物含量差异显著,粗脂肪和水分含量无显著性差异。与蚕用桑相比,饲料桑1龄叶的粗灰分和可溶性碳水化合物含量分别极显著增加0.12和3.75个百分点;粗蛋白和粗纤维分别显著减少3.24和1.20个百分点;饲料桑2龄叶的粗灰分含量极显著增加0.37个百分点;饲料桑3龄叶的粗灰分含量极显著增加0.36个百分点,粗蛋白含量极显著减少1.39个百分点。生长发育相关指标24 h疏毛率、起蚕率、熟蚕整齐度和经济性状相关指标龄期经过、万头蚕产茧量、结茧率、普茧率、对四龄蚕健蛹率、全茧量、茧层量、茧层率、消化率、体重转化率、蚕茧转化率、茧层转化率、茧丝长度、纤度、解舒、出丝率、洁净和清洁均无显著性差异。“1~3龄饲料桑育+4~5龄蚕用桑育”饲育模式可在稚蚕共育桑叶供应困难时推广应用。This study aimed to analyze the changes in the nutritional components of feed mulberry leaves and their effects on the growth,development,and economic traits of silkworms and to explore the possibility of using mulberry instead of silk-worm mulberry to raise silkworms to avoid losses caused by the shortage of mulberry leaves during the early larval stage.Mulberry leaves and silkworm mulberry leaves were collected,and the nutritional components of mulberry leaves from each leaf order were collected.The impact of mulberry leaf feed on silkworms was empirically analyzed through biological identi-fication via silkworm-rearing experiments.There were significant differences in the crude ash,crude protein,crude fiber,and soluble carbohydrate contents between mulberry and silkworm mulberry in the same leaf order.However,there were no sig-nificant differences in the crude fat and water contents.Compared with those of silkworm mulberry,the crude ash and soluble carbohydrate contents of the first-instar mulberry leaves increased significantly by 0.12 percentage points and 3.75 percentage points,respectively;The crude protein and crude fiber contents decreased remarkably by 3.24 percentage points and 1.20 per-centage points,respectively.The crude ash content of second-instar leaves mulberry leaves significantly increased by 0.37 percentage points.The crude ash content of third-instar mulberry leaves increased dramatically by 0.36 percentage points,whereas the crude protein content remarkably decreased by 1.39 percentage points.There were no significant differences in growth or development-related indicators,such as the 24 h setae dispersion rate,newly molted silkworm rate,uniformity of mature silkworms,or economic traits,as well as duration of instars,cocoon crop per 10000 four-instar silkworms,cocooning rate,percentage of regular cocoons,larva-pupa ratio to the fourth-instar silkworms,cocoon weight,cocoon shell weight,co-coon shell rate,digestion rate,the weight of conversion rate,cocoon conversion efficiency,cocoon shell c

关 键 词：饲料桑 家蚕 稚蚕 生长发育 经济性状 

分 类 号：S882[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]