土壤中生物可降解微塑料的环境行为及对碳循环影响的研究进展  

Advances in the environmental behavior of biodegradable microplastics in soil and their impact on carbon cycling

作　　者：王凯 俞永祥 杨思德 于鑫 韩毓杰 李晓晶 WANG Kai;YU Yongxiang;YANG Side;YU Xin;HAN Yujie;LI Xiaojing(Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education,School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430205,China;Agro-Environmental Protection Institute,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control,MARA/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety,Tianjin 300191,China;Patent Examination Cooperation Hubei Center of the Patent Office,CNIPA,Wuhan 430205,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学环境生态与生物工程学院/绿色化工过程教育部重点实验室,武汉430205 [2]农业农村部环境保护科研监测所/农业农村部产地污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室,天津300191 [3]国家知识产权局专利局专利审查协作湖北中心,武汉430205

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2025年第3期554-565,共12页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42407188,42477041);中国博士后科学基金项目(GZB20240580,2024M762506);湖北省自然科学基金项目(2024HBBHJD086)。

摘　　要：生物可降解塑料作为传统塑料的替代品,在农业生产和日常生活中获得广泛使用。然而,进入环境介质的生物可降解塑料在分解过程中容易破碎,形成生物降解微塑料(BMPs)。全球可降解塑料产能的增长加剧了BMPs的环境风险,尤其是在陆地生态系统中。本文综述了BMPs在土壤中的环境行为,包括对污染物的吸附和解吸、生物降解以及衍生溶解性有机物(DOM)的释放行为的影响,并探讨了BMPs对土壤碳循环过程及相关微生物群落和功能基因的影响机制,以支撑生物可降解塑料的应用潜力及环境风险评估。As an alternative to conventional plastics,biodegradable plastics have been widely used in agricultural production and daily life.However,biodegradable plastics that enter environmental media tend to fragment during the degradation process,resulting in the formation of biodegradable microplastics(BMPs).The increasing global production capacity of degradable plastics has exacerbated the environmental risks associated with BMPs,particularly in terrestrial ecosystems.This review summarizes the environmental behavior of BMPs in soil,including their effects on the adsorption and desorption of pollutants,biodegradation,and the release of derived dissolved organic matter(DOM).It also explores the mechanisms by which BMPs influence soil carbon cycling processes and related microbial communities and functional genes,thereby supporting the assessment of the application potential and environmental risks of biodegradable plastics.

关 键 词：生物可降解微塑料 吸附 土壤有机碳 微生物群落结构 功能基因 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X144