我国典型淡水水域环境中喹诺酮类抗生素污染的研究进展  

Progress in research on quinolone antibiotic pollution in typical freshwater environments of China

作　　者：孟顺龙[1,2,3,4] 李鸣霄 陈曦 裘丽萍 徐慧敏[2,3,4] 宋超 李丹丹 范立民[1,2,3,4] MENG Shunlong;LI Mingxiao;CHEN Xi;QIU Liping;XU Huimin;SONG Chao;LI Dandan;FAN Limin(Wuxi Fisheries College,Nanjing Agricultural University,Wuxi 214081,China;Freshwater Fisheries Research Center,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wuxi 214081,China;Laboratory of Environmental Factor Risk Assessment for Aquatic Product Quality and Safety,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs(Wuxi),Wuxi 214081,China;Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Quality and Safety Control,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100141,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学无锡渔业学院,江苏无锡214081 [2]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,江苏无锡214081 [3]农业农村部水产品质量安全环境因子风险评估实验室(无锡),江苏无锡214081 [4]农业农村部水产品质量安全控制重点实验室,北京100141

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2025年第3期580-593,共14页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-46);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费资助:长江渔业生态环境监测与修复创新团队项目(2024TD18)。

摘　　要：喹诺酮类抗生素(Quinolones,QNs)以其广谱抗菌特性被广泛应用于医疗、农业及养殖业。随着使用量的持续增加,QNs在多种环境介质中被频繁检出,已成为水域生态环境面临的长期且持续性风险因子。长期的QNs选择压力诱导抗生素抗性基因(Antibiotic resistant genes,ARGs)的产生与积累,同时耐药细菌群体在水环境中不断迁移、扩散和增殖,进一步加剧了水域生态风险,其潜在危害远超QNs残留本身。QNs大量使用并经地表和地下径流最终进入水生生态系统,使水体和沉积物成为QNs及其ARGs的重要储存库,其对生态环境及公共健康构成的威胁日益严峻。本文综述了我国典型淡水水域中QNs的来源、迁移转化及赋存特征,探讨了QNs及其相关ARGs对生态环境的潜在风险,为进一步研究淡水水域中QNs及其ARGs的环境行为与风险评估提供理论依据。Quinolones(QNs),known for their broad-spectrum antibacterial properties,are extensively used in medicine,agriculture,and aquaculture.With increasing usage,QNs have been frequently detected in various environmental media,posing persistent and long-term risks to aquatic ecosystems.Prolonged selective pressure from QNs has been shown to induce the emergence and accumulation of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs),while resistant bacterial populations continuously migrate,disperse,and proliferate in aquatic systems,exacerbating ecological risks beyond the direct hazards associated with QNs residues.The widespread use of QNs,coupled with surface and subsurface runoff,facilitates their entry into aquatic ecosystems,where both water bodies and sediments serve as major reservoirs for QNs and ARGs,posing escalating threats to ecosystems and public health.This paper reviews the sources,transport,transformation,and occurrence characteristics of QNs in typical freshwater environments in China.It also explores the potential ecological risks associated with QNs and ARGs,providing a theoretical basis for further studies on their environmental behavior and risk assessment in freshwater systems.

关 键 词：喹诺酮类抗生素 淡水水域 迁移转化 赋存水平 抗生素抗性基因 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]