锰矿区周边农田土壤HMs-PAHs共存污染特征及土壤微生物的响应  

Characterization of heavy metal-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon co-contamination in agricultural soils surrounding mining areas and the response of soil microorganisms

作　　者：彭冠维 易盛炜 张祺明 刘杰 甘杰 黄钟霆 石雪芳 吴玉俊 李峰 PENG Guanwei;YI Shengwei;ZHANG Qiming;LIU Jie;GAN Jie;HUANG Zhongting;SHI Xuefang;WU Yujun;LI Feng(College of Environment and Resources,Xiangtan University,Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory for Environmental Ecological Health,Xiangtan 411105,China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Monitoring for Heavy Metal Pollutants,Hunan Environmental Monitoring Center,Changsha 410027,China;Changsha Environmental Protection Vocational College,Changsha 410004,China;Huayuan Ecological Environment Monitoring Center,Xiangxi 416400,China)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学环境与资源学院,环境生态健康湖南省普通高校重点实验室,湖南湘潭411105 [2]湖南省生态环境监测中心国家环境保护重金属污染监测重点实验室,长沙410027 [3]长沙环境保护职业技术学院,长沙410004 [4]花垣县生态环境监测中心,湖南湘西416400

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2025年第3期696-707,共12页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(22176161);国家自然科学基金区域创新发展联合基金重点支持项目(U21A20293);湖南省教育厅资助科研项目(24A0127);国家环境保护重金属污染监测重点实验室项目(KLMHM202405);国家环境保护重金属污染监测重点实验室开放基金项目(SKLMHM202303)。

摘　　要：本研究以湖南省花垣县部分锰矿区周边重金属(HMs)和多环芳烃(PAHs)共存污染旱地和水田土壤为研究对象,利用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法和气相色谱质谱联用(GC-MS)法分析了旱地与水田土壤中HMs和PAHs的含量,借助潜在生态风险评价法和污染因子(CF)法对HMs-PAHs共存污染土壤进行风险评估,使用16S rDNA高通量测序和荧光定量PCR分析了不同共存污染程度土壤的微生物群落结构特征及其抗性机制。结果表明:旱地中Cd、As和PAHs的含量分别是农用地土壤污染风险筛选值的10.4、1.4倍和1.8倍,而水田Cd和PAHs的含量分别是风险筛选值的3.9倍和1.1倍,旱地Cd生物有效性明显高于水田。根据潜在生态风险指数将采样点所处的旱地和水田划分为重、中、轻污染区,污染因子风险排序为Cd>As>Pb>PAHs。不同共存污染程度土壤的微生物群落结构有显著差异,其中重、中污染和轻污染土壤中优势菌属分别为酸杆菌Gp6、酸杆菌Gp4和芽孢杆菌,旱地中的优势菌属为酸杆菌和鞘氨醇单胞菌,水田中的优势菌属为芽孢杆菌。Cd和PAHs分别是旱地和水田中优势菌群的主要影响因子。污染程度与功能菌株的HMs耐受性基因和PAHs降解基因丰度呈显著正相关。鞘氨醇单胞菌的相对丰度与共存污染水平(包括HMs和PAHs)显著正相关,提示其可能成为该区域共存污染特征下的潜在生物标志物。This study investigated the co-contamination characteristics of heavy metals(HMs)and polycyclic aromatic(PAHs)in the dryland and paddy soils surrounding certain manganese mining areas in Huayuan County,Hunan Province.The contents of HMs and PAHs in the soils of drylands and paddy fields were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),respectively.The potential ecological risk assessment method and contamination factor(CF)approach were employed to evaluate the risk assessment about the co-contamination of HMs and PAHs in the dryland and paddy soils.Additionally,microbial community structure characteristics and resistance mechanisms in soils with different pollution degrees of HMs and PAHs were investigated through high-throughput sequencing of 16S rDNA and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR analysis.The results indicate that the contents of cadmium(Cd),arsenic(As),and PAHs in dryland soils are 10.4,1.43 folds,and 1.8 folds of the risk screening values for agricultural soil pollution,respectively.In paddy soils,the contents of Cd and PAHs are 3.9 folds and 1.1 folds of the risk screening values for agricultural soil pollution,respectively.Moreover,the bioavailability of Cd in dryland soils was significantly higher than that in paddy soils.Based on the comprehensive pollution index,both dryland and paddy soils at the sampling sites can be categorized into heavy,moderate,and light pollution zones,with the risk order of contamination factors being Cd>As>Pb>PAHs.Significant differences in microbial community structures were observed among soils with different pollution degrees of HMs and PAHs,where the dominant genera in heavily polluted,moderately polluted,and lightly polluted soils were Acidobacteria Gp6,Acidobacteria Gp4,and Bacillus,respectively.In dryland soils,the predominant genera included Acidobacteria and Sphingomonas,while Bacillus was the dominant genus in paddy soils.In dryland,Cd is the main influencing factor of the dominant bacter

关 键 词：锰矿区 重金属 多环芳烃 共存污染 微生物 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]