土壤和水环境全氟及多氟化合物预测无效应浓度推导及生态风险评估  

Derivation of predicted no-effect concentration(PNEC)and ecological risk assessment for perfluorinated and polyfluorinated compounds in soil and water environments

作　　者：武子豪 丁泽聪 吴礼滨 易皓 王丽 洪伟 张晓园 曾子龙 崔恺 WU Zihao;DING Zecong;WU Libin;YI Hao;WANG Li;HONG Wei;ZHANG Xiaoyuan;ZENG Zilong;CUI Kai(South China Environmental Forensic Center,South China Institute of Environmental Science,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Guangzhou 510655,China;School of Environment and Energy,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]生态环境部华南环境科学研究所华南环境损害司法鉴定中心,广州510655 [2]华南理工大学环境与能源学院,广州510006

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2025年第3期708-719,共12页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(PM-zx703-202305-270)。

摘　　要：全氟及多氟化合物(PFASs)因其环境持久性与生物累积性受到广泛关注。本研究通过对数据的收集与分析,建立了13种PFASs的生态毒理学数据库,并采用物种敏感度分布法(SSD)、评估因子法及相平衡分配法推导PFASs在水环境与土壤中的预测无效应浓度(PNEC),从而开展危害评估。结果表明,虽然大部分PFASs在我国土壤和水环境中浓度均低于其PNEC值,无不合理生态风险;但PFASs替代品6:2氯代多氟醚基磺酸(6:2 Cl-PFESA)在部分流域具有较高的慢性生态风险,全氟己酸(PFHxA)和全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)在部分地区土壤中具有较高的生态环境风险。建议未来研究应加强对PFASs的环境监测与风险管理,同时探索更有效的污染物处理技术与安全的替代品,以降低生态环境风险。Perfluorinated and polyfluorinated compounds(PFASs)have received widespread attention due to their environmental persistence and bioaccumulation.In this study,the species sensitivity distribution method(SSD),assessment factor method,and phase equilibrium partitioning method were used to derive the predicted no-effect concentration(PNEC)of PFASs in water environment and soil.Through the collection and analysis of data,an ecotoxicological database of 13 PFASs was established,and hazard assessment was carried out for the water environment and soil environment.In addition,the ecological risk assessment of water quality and soil in some areas of China was conducted by the risk quotient method.The results showed that the concentration of PFASs in most areas is lower than the PNEC value,indicating no unreasonable ecological risk.However,6:2 Cl-PFESA,as a substitute for PFASs,showed a high chronic ecological risk in some river basins,and PFHxA and PFOS also showed unreasonable ecological and environmental risks in the soil of some areas.Therefore,it was suggested that future research should strengthen environmental monitoring and risk management of such compounds,and at the same time explore more effective pollutant treatment technologies and safe substitutes to reduce environmental and health risks.

关 键 词：全氟及多氟化合物 新污染物 地表水 土壤 生态风险评估 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4