检索规则说明:AND代表“并且”;OR代表“或者”;NOT代表“不包含”;(注意必须大写,运算符两边需空一格)
检 索 范 例 :范例一: (K=图书馆学 OR K=情报学) AND A=范并思 范例二:J=计算机应用与软件 AND (U=C++ OR U=Basic) NOT M=Visual
作 者:肖曼[1] 焦胜[1] 范世玉 牛彦合 卢洁[1] XIAO Man;JIAO Sheng;FAN Shiyu;NIU Yanhe;LU Jie(School of Architecture and Planning,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China)
机构地区:[1]湖南大学建筑与规划学院,湖南长沙410082
出 处:《自然灾害学报》2025年第2期13-22,共10页Journal of Natural Disasters
基 金:国家自然科学基金项目(52278059);湖南省自然科学基金部门联合项目(2024JJ8316)。
摘 要:极端降雨引发的内涝灾害对旧城区造成了巨大损失,考虑旧城区人口密度大、建设密集的特点,合理规划应急避难场所能够安全转移受灾群众,提升旧城区应急管理能力。以长沙市旧城区典型区域为研究区,采用InfoWorks ICM雨洪模型,评估了内涝风险等级;在此基础上确定受灾小区位置和转移人数,根据不同避难场所类型计算其容纳能力,考虑道路积水对通行性的影响,将高风险道路设置为禁止通行并重构道路拓扑结构;其次,采用高斯两步移动搜索法评估现状避难场所可达性,结合内涝风险筛选一批候选避难场所,建立以避难场所数量最少和避难距离最短为目标的P中值选址模型;最后根据可达性分析比较验证研究的有效性。结果表明:百年一遇极端降雨下,研究区内涝淹没风险整体较高;现状内涝避难场所数量少、空间均衡不足,其可达性呈现从中部向外逐渐降低的空间特征;研究确立了10处避难场所的位置,优化后的布局方案可达性达标的小区提升了17.83%,减少了24.03%的显性盲点小区。研究结果可为旧城区洪涝灾害应急管理提供科学依据。In recent years,flooding disasters caused by extreme rainfall have caused great damage to old urban areas.Considering the characteristics of old urban areas with high population density and intensive construction,rational planning of emergency shelters can safely transfer the affected people and improve the emergency management capability of old urban areas.Taking the typical area of the old urban area as the study area,the flooding risk level was evaluated by using InfoWorks ICM rainfall and flooding model.Firstly,on this basis,the location and the number of affected neighborhoods were determined,and the capacity of different shelter types was calculated.Considering the impact of road waterlogging on accessibility,high-risk roads were set as prohibited and the road topology was reconstructed.Secondly,the Gaussian two-step floating catchment area method was used to assess the accessibility of the current shelter locations,and a number of candidate shelter locations were screened based on the risk of waterlogging,and the P-medium model was established with the objectives of the lowest number of shelter locations and the shortest shelter distance.Finally,the effectiveness of the site selection study based on the accessibility analysis is verified.The results show that the study area faces a relatively high risk of inundation under extreme rainfall during the 100 a return period.The current number of emergency shelters in the study area is limited,with inadequate spatial distribution,showing a spatial characteristic of gradually decreasing accessibility from the central area outward.The study identified the 10 locations of refuge shelters,resulting in an improvement of 17.83%in the supply and demand balance for emergency refuge spaces in upgraded neighborhoods and a reduction of 24.03%in explicit blank spots.The research findings provide a scientific basis for the emergency management of flooding in old urban areas.
关 键 词:避难场所可达性 内涝风险 InfoWorks ICM模型 高斯两步移动搜索法 P中值模型
分 类 号:TU984.11[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]
正在载入数据...
正在载入数据...
正在载入数据...
正在载入数据...
正在载入数据...
正在载入数据...
正在载入数据...
正在链接到云南高校图书馆文献保障联盟下载...
云南高校图书馆联盟文献共享服务平台 版权所有©
您的IP:216.73.216.38