基于SPH方法的土质滑坡运动距离预测  

Prediction of soil landslide movement distance based on SPH method

作　　者：涂聪 冯君[1] 涂正楠 王瑞兴 钟卫[3] TU Cong;FENG Jun;TU Zhengnan;WANG Ruixing;ZHONG Wei(State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Geotechnics and Tunnelling,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;School of Civil Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045,China;Dongchuan Debris Flow National Field Observation and Research Station,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610042,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学极端环境岩土和隧道工程智能建养全国重点实验室,四川成都610031 [2]重庆大学土木工程学院,重庆400045 [3]中国科学院东川泥石流国家野外观测研究站,四川成都610042

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2025年第2期89-98,共10页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：四川省交通运输科技项目(2021-A-02);国家自然科学基金项目(52478361)。

摘　　要：依山而建的西南山区村寨常常面临小型土质滑坡的威胁。为研究小型土质滑坡的致灾范围以及不同地形因子对致灾范围的影响,文中以四川小金县某不稳定边坡为基础,建立了概化模型并根据光滑粒子流体动力学(smoothed particle hydrodynamics,SPH)方法模拟土质滑坡发生的全过程。此次研究通过控制变量法分别研究了摩擦系数f、坡宽D、基岩高度H、基岩坡脚β和土坡坡脚α等地形参数对滑坡致灾范围的影响,最后通过建立多元线性回归模型对土质滑坡的致灾范围进行预测。研究结果表明:致灾范围的最大水平距离L和覆盖面积S均与基岩坡角β、基岩高度H、土坡坡脚α呈正相关关系,与摩擦系数f呈负相关关系,但最大水平距离受坡宽D的影响较小,覆盖面积与坡宽D正相关。最后通过31个坡脚型滑坡实例验证了预测模型的准确性与可行性,研究成果对于西南山区村寨滑坡灾害评估具有参考价值。Mountainous villages located around mountains in the southwest are often menaced by small-scale landslides.To explore the disaster range of small soil landslides and the impacts of different topographic factors on the disaster range,based on an unstable slope in Xiaojin County,Sichuan Province,a generalized model is established and smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)method is used to simulate the whole process of the soil landslide.In this study,the impacts of topographic parameters such as friction coefficient f,slope width D,bedrock height H,bedrock slope footβand soil slope footαon the disaster range of soil landslide were studied by the control variable method.Subsequently,the disaster range of the soil landslide was predicted by establishing a multiple linear regression model.The results show that the maximum horizontal distance L and the covered area S of the disaster range are positively correlated with the angleβof bedrock slope,the height H of bedrock slope and the footαof soil slope,and negatively correlated with the friction coefficient f.However,the maximum horizontal distance is less affected by slope width D,and the covered area is positively correlated with slope width D.Finally,the accuracy and feasibility of the prediction model are verified by 31 examples of slope foot landslides.The research results have reference value for the evaluation of landslide disaster in the southwest mountainous villages.

关 键 词：土质滑坡 致灾范围 地形因子 数值模拟 SPH 

分 类 号：P642.22[天文地球—工程地质学] X43[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]