辽河流域文化遗产地理空间格局及时空适宜性演变  

Geographical Spatial Pattern and Spatiotemporal Suitability Evolution of Cultural Heritage in the Liao River Basin

作　　者：袁敬诚[1] 李碧娇 仇思凡 YUAN Jingcheng;LI Bijiao;QIU Sifan(Shenyang Jianzhu University)

机构地区：[1]沈阳建筑大学

出　　处：《风景园林》2025年第4期40-49,共10页Landscape Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“基于活动链的寒地生活街区公共空间“碳-效”协同优化研究”(编号52478064)。

摘　　要：【目的】辽河流域作为多民族交汇与农牧交错带的关键区域,其文化遗产的时空分布规律是理解中华民族共同体形成的重要线索。【方法】整合11 151处文化遗产点的ArcGIS空间数据,构建辽河流域文化遗产数据库;采用历史文献考证、核密度分析、标准差椭圆分析与经纬度峰峦值分析的方法,通过全局空间自相关分析文化遗产点的时空分布特征,结合局部空间自相关方法解析局部集聚异质性,解析自然-人文因素对文化遗产时空演变的驱动机制。【结果】1)辽河流域文化遗产分布整体呈现南密北疏形态,沿辽河干流及支流呈带状集聚,95%的文化遗产点集中于海拔<500 m、坡度<6°且距河流<7 km的区域;2)文化遗产分布中心由史前西辽河上游逐渐南迁至清代辽河平原;3)遗产点空间分布的适宜性演变整体呈自西向东、自北向南迁徙的趋势,东西两端逐渐向中部集中;4)遗产点时空分布的演变过程呈现聚集—散乱—集聚—极化4个阶段,与气候变化下各农牧民族的冲突、融合相关。【结论】辽河流域文化遗产的动态适宜性演变为中华民族多元一体格局提供了流域尺度的物质证据,通过量化气候波动、政治扩张与民族互动的交互作用,揭示辽河流域文化遗产从被动适应到主动突破的演变机制,为流域尺度下多民族融合研究提供适宜的分析框架。[Objective]This research examines the spatiotemporal distribution,evolutionary mechanisms,and sustainability of cultural heritage in the Liao River Basin,located in Northeast Asia.The focus is on the transitional zone between nomadic and agrarian civilizations,with the aim to:1)Explore the geographic selectivity of cultural heritage distribution under environmental constraints;2)quantify phased transitions driven by the interactions between climatic and institutional factors;3)identify spatial clustering anomalies linked to ecological fragility;4)develop a framework for cultural heritage conservation in ethnic convergence corridors.The research investigates how geographical,climatic,and institutional factors have shaped heritage landscapes and reveals how the interactions between these factors inform modern conservation practices.[Methods]A geospatial database has been utilized,encompassing 11,151 heritage sites across six categories such as ancient ruins,tombs,and buildings,as well as five historical periods ranging from prehistoric period to modern period.The data are analyzed using spatial statistical techniques and historical mapping,with the primary methods being described as follows:spatiotemporal analysis employs standard deviation ellipses and kernel density estimation to analyze distribution and density;spatial autocorrelation analysis utilizes Global Moran’s I and Local Moran’s I to assess spatial clustering and dispersion;environmental modeling incorporates elevation and slope buffers as well as DEM-derived landforms to assess the influence of natural geography on the spatial distribution of heritage sites;historical layering analysis focuses on policy maps to track how institutional changes and infrastructure development influence the distribution of heritage sites.Multivariate regression and path analysis are used to quantify the effects of climatic and institution on the heritage evolution.[Results]1)Distribution determinants:The majority of heritage sites(95.2%)are located in optimal environmen

关 键 词：流域人居 遗产保护 时空分布 农牧交错带 多元一体 

分 类 号：TU982[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]