2024年白银市德国小蠊对5种常用杀虫剂抗药性调查  

Investigation on the resistance of Blattella germanica tofive commonly used insecticides in Baiyin in 2024

作　　者：张学太[1] 王友军[1] 张继芳 董金钰[1] ZHANG Xuetai;WANG Youjun;ZHANG Jifang;DONG Jinyu(Department of Vector Control,Baiyin Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Baiyin,Gansu 730900,China)

机构地区：[1]白银市疾病预防控制中心病媒生物防制科,甘肃白银730900

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2025年第2期129-132,162,共5页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

基　　金：白银市科技计划项目(2024-1-50S)。

摘　　要：目的了解甘肃省白银市德国小蠊抗药性水平,为合理使用杀虫剂及巩固病媒生物防制成果提供数据支持。方法2024年在白银市创卫县(区)和未创卫县(区)重点生境采集蜚蠊试虫饲养至F1代,采用药膜法测定雄性成虫对5种常用杀虫剂的抗药性。收集2021—2023年白银市卫生杀虫剂种类和使用数量,用Excel 2017、SPSS 25.0软件对数据进行整理分析。采用χ2检验比较创卫与未创卫县(区)蜚蠊的抗药性差异。结果白银市德国小蠊对拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂的抗性级别较高,已创卫县(区)德国小蠊对氯氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯的半数击倒时间(KT 50)分别是未创卫县(区)的3.40、2.14和2.02倍,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.326,7.238,6.414,P均<0.05);对敌敌畏和残杀威属于低抗,已创卫和未创卫县(区)差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.264,2.714,P均>0.05);白银市已连续3年购置使用拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂,而对敌敌畏、氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂购置使用量较少。结论白银市德国小蠊对5种常用杀虫剂产生不同程度抗性,建议停止单独使用拟除虫菊酯类药物,推荐使用低抗药物,用抗药性监测数据来指导用药,并加强使用监管。Objective To understand the resistance level of Blattella germanica to commonly used insecticides in Baiyin,so as to provide a basis for rational use of pesticides and consolidating the achievements of vector control.Methods The cockroaches were collected in key habitats in national sanitary counties or districts and non-national sanitary counties or districts of Baiyin in 2024,and brought back to the laboratory for rearing until the F1 generation.The resistance of male adult B.germanica to five commonly used insecticides was investigated by the residual film method.The types and amount of insecticide in Baiyin from 2021 to 2023 were collected,and Excel 2017 and SPSS 25.0 softwares were used for data processing and analysis.The insecticide resistance of B.germanica in national sanitary counties or districts and non-national sanitary counties or districts was compared using the Chi-square test.Results The resistance of B.germanica to pyrethroids was higher.The median knockdown time(KT 50)of cypermethrin,beta-cypermethrin and deltamethrin in national sanitary counties or districts was 3.40,2.14 and 2.02 times than that of non-national sanitary counties or districts,and there were significant differences in resistance between national sanitary counties or districts and non-national sanitary counties or districts(χ^(2)=8.326,7.238,6.414,all P<0.05).The resistance to dichlorvos and propoxur were low,and there were no significant difference in resistance(χ^(2)=2.264,2.714,all P>0.05).Conclusion B.germanica in Baiyin has different degrees of resistance to five commonly used insecticides,it is recommended to suspend the use of pyrethroids alone and use low-resistance insecticides.The insecticides should be selected based on the monitoring results of insecticide resistance and strengthen supervision.

关 键 词：德国小蠊 杀虫剂 抗药性 调查 

分 类 号：R384.9[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]