潍坊市2023年鼠类携带病原体检测结果分析  

Analysis of detection results of pathogens carried by rodents in Weifang in 2023

作　　者：刘国军 王宏伟 苑森梅 霍锡元[2] 韩雪峰[2] 韩英男 刘言 LIU Guojun;WANG Hongwei;YUAN Senmei;HUO Xiyuan;HAN Xuefeng;HAN Yingnan;LIU Yan(Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang,Qingzhou,Shandong 262500,China;Weifang Municipal Center for Disease control and Prevention,Weifang,Shandong 261061,China;Anqiu City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Anqiu,Shandong 262100,China;Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jinan,Shandong 250014,China)

机构地区：[1]潍坊市益都中心医院,山东青州262500 [2]潍坊市疾病预防控制中心,山东潍坊261061 [3]安丘市疾病预防控制中心,山东安丘262100 [4]山东省疾病预防控制中心,山东济南250014

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2025年第2期167-170,共4页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

基　　金：潍坊市卫生健康委员会科研项目(WFWSJK-2023-326)。

摘　　要：目的调查山东省潍坊市部分地区鼠类种类分布及病原体的携带情况,为鼠传疾病防控提供理论依据。方法2023年在潍坊市青州市、安丘市、高密市、临朐县、昌乐县采用夹夜法采集鼠类,通过实时荧光定量PCR法检测鼠类组织标本(肝、脾、肾和肺)中的汉坦病毒、大别班达病毒、钩端螺旋体、恙虫病东方体和巴尔通体,采用Excel 2016和SPSS 17.0软件进行数据整理和分析,检出率的比较采用χ2检验或Fisher确切概率法。结果共捕获鼠类202只,包括褐家鼠(163,80.69%)、小家鼠(29,14.36%)、黑线姬鼠(7,3.47%)和山东社鼠(3,1.49%)。病原体检测结果显示,携带病原体的鼠类共36只,总感染率为17.82%;汉坦病毒阳性20份,均为首尔型,感染率为9.90%,恙虫病东方体阳性11份,感染率5.45%,巴尔通体阳性6份,感染率2.97%,钩端螺旋体阳性4份,感染率1.98%,未检出大别班达病毒。汉坦病毒和恙虫病东方体仅在褐家鼠中检出,感染率分别为12.27%、6.75%;钩端螺旋体在褐家鼠、小家鼠和黑线姬鼠中均有检出,感染率分别为0.61%、6.90%和14.29%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=10.485,P=0.005);巴尔通体在褐家鼠和小家鼠中检出,感染率分别为2.45%和6.90%,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.605,P=0.205)。5个县(市)5种鼠类病原体的感染率分别为25.93%、22.73%、5.41%、14.71%、10.71%;青州市最高,高密市最低。不同地区间鼠类病原体感染率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=10.031,P=0.041)。结论潍坊市鼠类存在汉坦病毒、巴尔通体、恙虫病东方体、钩端螺旋体的感染,应加强重点地区鼠传病原体检测及相关疾病监测,制定适合本地区的鼠传疾病防控对策。Objective To investigate the distribution of rodent species and pathogens in some areas of Weifang,Shandong Province,so as to provide theoretical basis for the control of rodent diseases.Methods In 2023,rodents were collected using night clamping method in Qingzhou City,Anqiu City,Gaomi City,Linqu County,and Changle County,Weifang,and the real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR method was used to detect the Hantavirus,Dabie bandavirus,Leptospira,Orientia tsutsugamushi and Bartonella in the tissues(liver,spleen,kidney,and lung)of rodents.Excel 2016 and SPSS 17.0 softwares were used for data processing and analysis,and the comparison of detection rates was performed using the Chi-square test or Fisher's exact probability method.Results A total of 202 rodents were captured,including Rattus norvegicus(163,80.69%),Mus musculus(29,14.36%),Apodemus agrariu s(7,3.47%)and R.confucianus sacer(3,1.49%).The detection results of pathogens showed that 36 rodents were infected with the pathogens,with an infection rate of 17.82%.20 rodent samples had positive results for Hantavirus,all of which were Seoul virus,with an infection rate of 9.90%.11 samples had positive results for O.tsutsugamushi,with an infection rate of 5.45%.6 samples had positive results for Bartonella,with an infection rate of 2.97%.4 samples had positive results for Leptospira,with an infection rate of 1.98%.No Dabie bandavirus was detected.Hantavirus and O.tsutsugamushi were only found in R.norvegicus,and the infection rates were 12.27% and 6.75%,respectively.The infection rate of Leptospira was 0.61%,6.90%,and 14.29% in R.norvegicus,M.musculus,and A.agrariu s,respectively,with statistically significant differences(χ^(2)=10.485,P=0.005).The infection rates of Bartonella were 2.45%and 6.90%in R.norvegicus and M.musculus,respectively,with no statistically significant difference(χ^(2)=1.605,P=0.205).The infection rates of 5 kinds of rodent pathogens were 25.93%,22.73%,5.41%,14.71% and 10.71% in 5 counties and cities,respectively.The infection rate in Qingzhou

关 键 词：鼠类 病原体 汉坦病毒 恙虫病东方体 钩端螺旋体 巴尔通体 

分 类 号：R443[医药卫生—诊断学]