2023年深圳市南山区2起登革热本地暴发疫情流行病学特征对比分析  

Comparative epidemiological characterization of two local outbreaks of dengue fever in Nanshan District,Shenzhen,2023

作　　者：王颖[1] 汪正铎 王佳[1] 黄燕飞[1] 许艳子[1] WANG Ying;WANG Zhengduo;WANG Jia;HUANG Yanfei;XU Yanzi(Nanshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Nanshan District Insitute of Health Inspection),Shenzhen,Guangdong 518054,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市南山区疾病预防控制中心(深圳市南山区卫生监督所),广东深圳518054

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2025年第2期190-194,共5页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

摘　　要：目的对2023年深圳南山区2起登革热本地暴发疫情的流行病学特征进行分析比较,旨在为今后登革热疫情的防控策略提供参考。方法采用描述性流行病学分析方法对2起疫情的发病时间、人群特征和就医行为特点进行分析,使用布雷图指数(BI)法对蚊媒密度进行评估。结果2起疫情分别为一起果园疫情和一起工地疫情,报告病例数分别为38例和91例;发病时间为8—11月,持续时间均为3个月;病例男女性别比分别为2.2∶1和7.3∶1,年龄中位数分别为41和42岁,职业分别以农民和民工为主。指示病例报告前,果园疫情中66.70%(2/3)病例选择社区健康服务中心就诊,而工地疫情中50.00%(6/12)病例选择不就诊,首诊正确率均为0;指示病例报告后,果园疫情和工地疫情均首选二级及以上综合医院,首诊正确率分别为61.70%和54.80%。工地疫情的共同暴露者筛查阳性率(25.25%)高于果园疫情(2.20%),隐性感染率为18.18%。果园疫情首次监测BI为43,高于工地疫情首次监测结果(18)。结论果园疫情的蚊媒密度高以及工地疫情中民工隐性感染率和共同暴露者筛查阳性率较高是2起疫情持续时间长的主要原因,需重视疫情早期的防控,加强工地等人员流动较大的工作场所的人员健康监测等方能及时遏制疫情扩散。Objective To analyze and compare the epidemiological characteristics of two local outbreaks of dengue fever in Nanshan District,Shenzhen in 2023,so as to provide a reference for prevention and control strategies for dengue fever outbreaks in the future.Methods Descriptive epidemiological analyses were used to analyze the time of onset,population characteristics,and characteristics of healthcare-seeking behaviors of the two outbreaks,and mosquito vector densities were assessed using the Brett index(BI).Results The two outbreaks were an orchard outbreak and a construction site outbreak,with 38 and 91 reported cases,respectively;the onset of disease occurred between August and November,and both lasted 3 months;the male-to-female sex ratios of the cases were 2.2∶1 and 7.3∶1,respectively;the median ages of the cases were 41 and 42 years old,respectively;and the main occupations were farmers and migrant workers,respectively.Before reporting of the indicated case,66.70%(2/3)of the cases in the orchard outbreak chose to seek medical treatment at the community health center,while 50.00%(6/12)of the cases in the construction site outbreak chose not to seek medical treatment,and the correct rate of the first diagnosis was 0.After reporting of the indicated case,both the orchard outbreak and the construction site outbreak preferred the second-level and above general hospitals,and the correct rate of the first diagnosis was 61.70% and 54.80%,respectively.The co-exposed persons screening positive rate of the construction site outbreak was higher(25.25%)than that of the orchard outbreak(2.20%),and the latent infection rate was 18.18%.The Breteau index for the first monitoring of the orchard outbreak was 43,which was higher than the result of the construction site outbreak,which was 18.Conclusion The high density of mosquito vectors in the orchard outbreak and the high rate of latent infection and co-exposed persons'positive screening rate in the construction site outbreak were the main reasons for the long duration of the t

关 键 词：登革热 果园 工地 暴发 流行病学 

分 类 号：R373.33[医药卫生—病原生物学]