两种糖蛋比饲料对中华鳖幼鳖生长、血浆生理生化指标及体成分的影响  

Effects of Two Carbohydrate to Protein Ratio Diets on Growth,Plasma Physiological and Biochemical Indexes and Body Composition of Juvenile Chinese Soft-Shelled Turtles(Pelodiscus Sinensis)

作　　者：李涛 管宇婧 宋梦娇 闫立君[2] 王圆圆[2] 王旭旭 张配瑜 李智 刘海燕[1] LI Tao;GUAN Yujing;SONG Mengjiao;YAN Lijun;WANG Yuanyuan;WANG Xuxu;ZHANG Peiyu;LI Zhi;LIU Haiyan(College of Life Science,Hebei Normal University,Hebei Shijiazhuang 050024,China;Shijiazhuang Aquatic Technology Promotion Station,Hebei Shijiazhuang 050022,China;Chengde Aquatic Technology Promotion Station,Hebei Chengde 067000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北师范大学生命科学学院,河北石家庄050024 [2]石家庄市水产技术推广站,河北石家庄050022 [3]承德市水产技术推广站,河北承德067000

出　　处：《饲料工业》2025年第7期118-123,共6页Feed Industry

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金项目[C2021205020];河北省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目[HBCT2024290205、HBCT2024300208]。

摘　　要：为探讨饲料中降低蛋白含量、提高碳水化合物水平对中华鳖生长性能与生理状态的影响,本研究在等脂等能的条件下配制了两种糖蛋比试验饲料,即低糖蛋比饲料C14P45(淀粉水平为14%,蛋白质水平为45%)、高糖蛋比饲料C20P42(淀粉水平为20%,蛋白质水平为42%),养殖期为40 d。将40只中华鳖幼鳖[初体重(39.49±12.28) g]随机分为2组,每组4个重复。结果表明:这两种饲料没有显著影响中华鳖的相对增重率和特定生长率(P>0.05);但显著影响了中华鳖的肝体比、摄食率、蛋白质效率、蛋白质沉积率、脂肪沉积率和饲料系数,并对鳖体水分和粗脂肪含量均产生显著影响(P<0.05),C20P42组的摄食率、饲料系数、脂肪沉积率和肝体比显著高于C14P45组(P<0.05);C14P45组的蛋白质效率和蛋白质沉积率显著高于C20P42组(P<0.05)。C20P42组的鳖体粗脂肪含量显著高于C14P45组(P<0.05);鳖体粗灰分和粗蛋白含量在两组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。C20P42组血浆三酰甘油含量和谷丙转氨酶活性显著高于C14P45组(P<0.05)。因此,高糖蛋比饲料没有显著影响中华鳖的生长性能,但将更多的糖转化为脂肪沉积到鳖体中,并对肝脏功能产生了负面影响。In order to investigate the effects of decreasing protein content and increasing carbohydrate level on growth performance and physiological state of Pelodiscus sinensis,two experimental diets with different carbohydrate-to-protein ratios were prepared under the condition of equal amounts of lipid and energy:low carbohydrate-to-protein ratio diet C14P45(starch level was 14%,protein level was 45%)and high carbohydrate-to-protein ratio diet C20P42(starch level was 20%,protein level was 42%).The experiment period was 40 days.Forty juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles[initial body weight was(39.49±12.28)g]were randomly divided into 2 groups with 4 replicates in each group.The results showed that the dietary carbohydrate to protein had no significant effect on the weight gain rate and the specific growth rate of the soft-shelled turtles(P>0.05);however,it had significant effects on hepatosomatic index,feeding rate,the protein efficiency ratio,protein deposition rate,fat deposition rate and the feed conversion ratio,and had significant effects on moisture and crude fat content(P<0.05).The feeding rate,the feed conversion ratio,fat deposition rate and hepatosomatic index in C20P42 group were significantly higher than those in C14P45 group(P<0.05).The protein efficiency ratio and protein deposition rate in C14P45 group were significantly higher than those in C20P42 groups(P<0.05).The crude fat content in the C20P42 group was significantly higher than that in the C14P45 group(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in ash and protein contents between the two groups(P>0.05).Plasma triglyceride content and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase activity in C20P42 group were significantly higher than those in C14P45 group(P<0.05).Therefore,high carbohydrate-to-protein ratio diet have no significant effect on the growth performance of Chinese soft-shell turtles,but more sugar was converted into fat and deposited into the soft-shelled turtle body,and had a negative effect on liver function.

关 键 词：中华鳖 糖蛋比 生长性能 体组成 血浆生理生化指标 

分 类 号：S816.32[农业科学—饲料科学]