宁夏水洞沟第9地点发掘报告  

An excavation report of the Shuidonggou Locality 9,Ningxia

作　　者：彭菲 陈果[1] 裴树文[2] 王惠民 高星[2,4] PENG Fei;CHEN Guo;PEI Shuwen;WANG Huimin;GAO Xing(Department of Archaeology and Museology,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081;Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100044;Ningxia Institute of Archaeology and Cultural Relics,Yinchuan 750001;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学考古文博系,北京100081 [2]中国科学院脊椎动物演化与人类起源重点实验室,中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所,北京100044 [3]宁夏文物考古研究所,银川750001 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《人类学学报》2025年第2期283-294,共12页Acta Anthropologica Sinica

基　　金：科技部重点研发专项(2023YFF0905700);中央民族大学2023青年学术团队滚动支持项目(2022QNYL03)。

摘　　要：2007年,中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所与宁夏文物考古研究所对水洞沟第9地点进行了正式发掘,揭露面积20 m^(2)。遗址文化层堆积较薄,表土层下即为文化层,414件石制品均出土于该层。根据发掘与石制品情况分析,第9地点石制品属于原地埋藏,但受到一定程度扰动。石制品研究确认,该地点文化面貌与第1地点相同,石制品原料以硅质白云岩为主,除了简单的石核-石片技术产品,研究还发现有以硬锤打击法从预制石核上系统生产长石片和石叶的技术,也有小石叶生产的相关产品被发现,加工工具仅3件。光释光年代结果显示文化层年代在距今29000年左右,但根据遗物埋藏较浅这一特点推测这一年代很可能被低估了。第9地点的发现是水洞沟遗址12个地点中继第1地点后又一处以石叶技术为主的石制品组合,为研究中国北方石叶技术、旧石器时代晚期初段文化和干旱区史前人类行为演化都提供了重要材料。In 2007,the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,in collaboration with the Ningxia Institute of Archaeology and Cultural Relics,initiated a formal excavation at Shuidonggou Locality 9.The excavation uncovered an area of 20 m^(2),revealing relatively thin cultural deposits that were situated directly beneath the surface soil layer.Over the course of the excavation,a total of 414 lithic artifacts were unearthed from this cultural layer.These findings suggest that while the lithic artifacts at SDG9 were largely in-situ burials,they had experienced some degree of post-depositional disturbance over time.A detailed analysis of the lithic assemblage revealed cultural characteristics at this site that were strikingly similar to those documented at SDG1,indicating a shared technological tradition.The predominant raw material used in the lithic assemblage was siliceous limestone,reflecting the local availability of resources and suggesting a pattern of raw material exploitation focused on efficiency.In addition to simple core-flake technology,researchers uncovered evidence of a more sophisticated technique involving the systematic production of elongated flakes and blades from prepared cores using hard hammer percussion.This advanced production method points to a deliberate technological choice aimed at maximizing material utility and reflects a highly organized approach to lithic reduction.Furthermore,artifacts related to bladelet production were also identified,providing valuable insights into the diversity of technological practices at the site.However,only three formal stone tools were recovered from the assemblage,suggesting a relatively narrow range of tool types present.Luminescence dating of the cultural layer yielded an approximate age of 29,000 years,although it was suggested that this date may have been underestimated due to the shallow burial of the artifacts,which may have led to some post-depositional alterations.The discovery of the SDG9 lithic assembl

关 键 词：水洞沟遗址 考古发掘 石制品 石叶 

分 类 号：K871[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]