纳米碳/铝复合材料的界面调控与混合强化研究进展  

Research Progress on Interface Regulation and Hybrid Strengthening of Nanocarbon/Aluminum Composites

作　　者：邓海亮 史雨程 董正学 范晨露 刘嘉彬 杨康 邓先功 DENG Hailiang;SHI Yucheng;DONG Zhengxue;FAN Chenlu;LIU Jiabin;YANG Kang;DENG Xiangong(Advanced Ceramics Research Center,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Anhui University of Technology,Ma'anshan 243032,China;Key Laboratory of Green Fabrication and Surface Technology of Advanced Metal Materials,Ministry of Education,Anhui University of Technology,Ma'anshan 243002,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽工业大学材料科学与工程学院先进陶瓷研究中心,马鞍山243032 [2]安徽工业大学先进金属材料绿色制备与表面技术教育部重点实验室,马鞍山243002

出　　处：《航空制造技术》2025年第6期14-27,共14页Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51972002,52372019);安徽省高校自然科学研究项目(KJ2021ZD0040)。

摘　　要：碳纳米管(Carbon nanotube,CNT)和石墨烯纳米片(Graphene nanoplatelets,GNP)等纳米碳材料具有超高的强度和模量、优异的导热与导电性能,是高性能铝基复合材料的理想增强体。然而,纳米碳与铝的润湿性差,高温下界面反应易生成脆性的Al_4C_3,损伤纳米碳,不仅限制增强效果,还会恶化复合材料强韧性,因此调控界面反应与界面结合、协同提升强韧性成为纳米碳/铝复合材料研究的关键。本文在界面结合机制分析的基础上,从纳米碳表面改性和复合工艺优化等方面综述了界面的调控研究及效果,随后总结了CNT和GNP的多维网络强化及与陶瓷颗粒混合强化的研究,期望通过CNT和GNP及与陶瓷颗粒的增强网络设计,进一步提升纳米碳/铝复合材料的强韧性。Nanocarbon materials including carbon nanotube(CNT)and graphene nanoplatelets(GNP)are ideal reinforcements of high-performance aluminum matrix composites,due to their ultra-high strength and modulus,excellent thermal and electrical conductivities.However,nanocarbons have poor wettability with aluminum matrix.Meanwhile,the reaction of nanocarbon/aluminum interface at high temperatures causes formation of brittle Al,C,and thereby,damaging the nanocarbon reinforcements.Both of the abovementioned scenarios not only limit the strengthening effect of the reinforcements,but also deteriorate the composite toughness.Therefore,the regulations on interface reaction and bonding,and the synergistic improvements in the strength and toughness are key problems for the research of nanocarbon/aluminum composites.Based on the bonding mechanisms of nanocarbon/aluminum interface,the regulating study and effects of nanocarbon/aluminum interface were reviewed from the perspectives of surface modification of nanocarbon and optimization of composite process.Subsequently,the studies on multi-dimensional network strengthening of CNT and GNP,and their hybrid strengthening with ceramic particles were summarized.It was proposed that the strength and toughness of the composites would be further improved by designing the reinforcing network consisted of CNT,GNP,and ceramic particles,according to their different structures and strengthening effects.

关 键 词：铝基复合材料 碳纳米管 石墨烯 界面 强化 

分 类 号：TB333[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]