碳纤维增强碳纳米管/环氧多尺度复合材料的制备与性能研究  

Preparation and Performance Study of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Carbon Nanotubes/Epoxy Multiscale Composites

作　　者：杨雨轩 卢少微 李伟 YANG Yuxuan;LU Shaowei;LI Wei(Shenyang Aerospace University,Materials Science and Engineering,Shenyang 110136,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳航空航天大学材料科学与工程学院,辽宁沈阳110136

出　　处：《塑料科技》2025年第2期32-37,共6页Plastics Science and Technology

摘　　要：将单壁碳纳米管(SWCNTs)进行非共价修饰后,与环氧树脂(EP)相结合,制备SWCNTs/EP复合材料。将纳米改性后的环氧树脂与碳纤维(CF)复合,制备CF/SWCNTs/EP多尺度复合材料,并对复合材料的结构和性能进行研究。结果表明:对SWCNTs进行非共价修饰处理改善了SWCNTs在EP体系中的分散性。当SWCNTs质量分数为0.005%时,复合材料的弯曲强度和弯曲模量分别提高29.2%和46.1%,冲击强度提高47.9%,拉伸强度提升58.9%。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析SWCNTs在基体中的桥接增强机制。SWCNTs的加入提升了EP的热性能。通过溶液浸渍法制备CF/SWCNTs/EP多尺度复合材料,当SWCNTs添加质量分数为0.005%时,复合材料层合板的弯曲强度和模量分别提升22.5%和32.8%,层间剪切强度提升15.2%,基体与纤维之间的界面强度得到一定的提升。采用湿法缠绕工艺制备碳纤维压力容器,经过纳米改性后,CF/SWCNTs/EP压力容器的爆破压力比CF/EP压力容器的爆破压力高15.5%左右。The single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs)were non-covalently modified and combined with epoxy resin(EP)to prepare SWCNTs/EP composites.The nanomodified epoxy resin was then compounded with carbon fiber(CF)to fabricate CF/SWCNTs/EP multiscale composites,with subsequent investigation of their structure and properties.Results demonstrate that non-covalent modification improved the dispersion of SWCNTs in the EP matrix.When the mass fraction of SWCNTs reached 0.005%,the composite exhibited significant enhancements.The flexural strength and modulus increased by 29.2%and 46.1%respectively,the impact strength improved by 47.9%,and the tensile strength rose by 58.9%.Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM)analysis revealed the bridging reinforcement mechanism of SWCNTs within the matrix.The thermal properties of EP were also enhanced through SWCNTs incorporation.Using the solution impregnation method,CF/SWCNTs/EP multiscale composite laminates showed 22.5%and 32.8%improvements in flexural strength and modulus respectively at 0.005%SWCNTs loading,along with 15.2%enhancement in interlaminar shear strength and improved interfacial bonding between matrix and fibers.Carbon fiber pressure vessels fabricated via wet winding process demonstrated that the CF/SWCNTs/EP modified vessels achieved approximately 15.5%higher burst pressure compared to conventional CF/EP vessels.

关 键 词：单壁碳纳米管 环氧树脂 力学性能 多尺度复合材料 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]