循环流化床锅炉炉内脱硫技术研究进展  

Research progress of desulfurization technology in circulating fluidized bed boiler

作　　者：韩铠泽 刘方[1] 张光学[2] HAN Kaize;LIU Fang;ZHANG Guangxue(College of Low Carbon Energy and Power Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,Jiangsu China;College of Energy Environment and Safety Engineering,China Jiliang University,Hangzhou 310018,Zhejiang China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学低碳能源与动力工程学院,江苏徐州221116 [2]中国计量大学能源环境与安全工程学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《电力科技与环保》2025年第2期183-193,共11页Electric Power Technology and Environmental Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52306029)。

摘　　要：【目的】循环流化床(circulating fluidized bed,CFB)锅炉可通过往炉内投放钙基脱硫剂,实现燃烧中脱硫,炉膛出口处SO_(2)原始排放浓度较低。然而,面对日趋严格的火电厂大气污染物排放标准,如何优化炉内脱硫工艺、巩固CFB锅炉低成本污染物排放控制优势,是工程上十分关心的问题,需要对CFB锅炉的SO_(2)生成和炉内脱硫特性开展更加深入的研究。【方法】本文通过梳理近年CFB锅炉炉内脱硫的相关研究,总结各设计或运行参数对炉内脱硫效率的影响规律,提出针对性的炉内脱硫控制措施。【结果】研究表明,在给定脱硫剂和锅炉负荷下,提高分离器效率、改善物料循环系统性能,采用与高效分离器相匹配的超细石灰石,合理设计及调控炉膛温度(800~850℃)和氧量,确定合适的石灰石给入位置,适当增大钙硫比但不高于3.3,可以有效提高炉内脱硫效率,甚至在特定工况下不依靠尾部烟气脱硫系统便可直接满足SO_(2)超低排放标准。然而,炉内脱硫通常会导致NO_(x)排放升高,当钙硫比超过2时,锅炉热损失增加使锅炉效率有所降低,另外飞灰中CaO及脱硫产物增加对尾部除尘性能也有一定的影响。【结论】CFB锅炉炉内需要在优化脱硫性能的同时,注重从锅炉整体运行经济性等方面进行综合考虑。[Objective]Circulating fluidized bed(CFB)boilers can achieve desulfurization during combustion by adding calcium-based desulfurizer to the furnace,and the original emission concentration of SO_(2) at the furnace outlet is low.However,in the face of increasingly stringent emission standards for air pollutants in thermal power plants,how to optimize the furnace desulfurization process and consolidate the advantages of low-cost pollutant emission control of CFB boilers is a very concerned issue in engineering.It is necessary to carry out a more in-depth understanding of the SO_(2) generation and furnace desulfurization characteristics of CFB boilers.[Methods]This paper summarizes the influence of various design or operation parameters on the desulfurization efficiency in the furnace by combing the relevant research on the desulfurization in the furnace of CFB boiler in recent years,and puts forward the corresponding control measures for the desulfurization in the furnace.[Results]The research shows that under the given desulfurizer and boiler load,improving the efficiency of the separator and the performance of the material circulation system,using ultra-fine limestone matching with the high-efficiency separator,reasonably designing and regulating the furnace temperature(800~850℃)and oxygen content,determining the appropriate limestone feeding position,and appropriately increasing the calcium-sulfur ratio but not higher than 3.3,can effectively improve the desulfurization efficiency in the furnace.Even under specific working conditions,it can directly meet the SO_(2) ultra-low emission standards without relying on the tail flue gas desulfurization system.However,in-furnace desulfurization usually leads to an increase in NO_(x) emissions.When the calcium-sulfur ratio exceeds 2,the increase in boiler heat loss reduces the boiler efficiency.In addition,the increase in CaO and desulfurization products in fly ash also has a certain impact on the tail dust removal performance.[Conclusion]It is necessary to optimize the

关 键 词：循环流化床 SO2 炉内脱硫 影响因素 

分 类 号：TK229.66[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程] TQ53[化学工程—煤化学工程]