超临界燃煤锅炉低负荷水冷壁水动力特性研究  

Study on hydrodynamic characteristics of low load water wall of supercritical coal-fired boiler

作　　者：谢军 侍述成 王磊 王兴 史鹏飞 姚力 顾俊彦 汪瑾 XIE Jun;SHI Shucheng;WANG Lei;WANG Xing;SHI Pengfei;YAO Li;GU Junyan;WANG Jin(China Energy Shouguang power generation Co.,Ltd.,Shouguang 262700,Shandong China;State Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Smart Coal-fired Power Generation and Ultra-clean Emission,China Energy Science and Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210023,Jiangsu China;Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,Shaanxi China)

机构地区：[1]国能寿光发电有限责任公司,山东寿光262700 [2]低碳智能燃煤发电与超净排放全国重点实验室(国家能源集团科学技术研究院有限公司),江苏南京210023 [3]西安交通大学,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《电力科技与环保》2025年第2期312-322,共11页Electric Power Technology and Environmental Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFB4104901)。

摘　　要：【目的】为研究燃煤锅炉参与深度调峰情况下,锅炉处于低负荷工况容易导致的燃烧不稳及水动力改变后的特性,提高锅炉运行安全性,【方法】本文以某670 MW超临界锅炉为研究对象,对锅炉内部燃烧状况进行数值模拟,同时结合基于部件压力法的水动力特性计算,分析了锅炉在100%锅炉最大连续蒸发量工况及低负荷40%热耗率验收工况下的水冷壁水动力特性。【结果】研究表明,两种工况下的锅炉上部垂直水冷壁各回路质量流速分配趋势相近,均呈现负流量响应特性;100%锅炉最大连续蒸发量工况下,垂直水冷壁各回路最高温度为392.75℃,最大温差为8.75℃,汽温偏差不大,水冷壁运行安全;而低负荷40%热耗率验收工况下水冷壁出口工质处于两相区,各回路温度均为对应压力下的饱和温度330.55℃,无超温现象,水冷壁可安全运行。【结论】针对负流量工况特性,建议采用更加精细的流量控制方式或优化锅炉水冷壁管道布局;对于后墙质量流量较小的情况,需在运行中特别关注后墙冷却效果。[Objective]In order to study the characteristics of combustion instability and hydrodynamic changes caused by coal-fired boilers participating in deep peak shaving when the boiler is in a low-load state,and to improve the safety of boiler operation,[Methods]In this paper,a 670 MW supercritical boiler is taken as the research object.The internal combustion condition of the boiler is numerically simulated.At the same time,combined with the hydrodynamic characteristics calculation based on the component pressure method,the hydrodynamic characteristics of the water wall of the boiler under the maximum continuous evaporation condition of the 100%boiler and the low-load 40%heat consumption rate acceptance condition are analyzed.[Results]The results show that the mass flow rate distribution trend of each loop of the vertical water wall in the upper part of the boiler under the two working conditions is similar,and both show negative flow response characteristics.Under the condition of maximum continuous evaporation of 100%boiler,the maximum temperature of each loop of vertical water wall is 392.75℃,the maximum temperature difference is 8.75℃,the deviation of steam temperature is not large,and the operation of water wall is safe.Under the condition of low load 40%heat rate acceptance,the working medium at the outlet of the water wall is in the two-phase region,and the temperature of each loop is 330.55℃under the corresponding pressure.There is no over-temperature phenomenon,and the water wall can operate safely.[Conclusion]According to the characteristics of negative flow conditions,it is suggested to adopt more refined flow control mode or optimize the layout of boiler water wall pipes.For the case of small mass flow rate of the back wall,special attention should be paid to the cooling effect of the back wall during operation.

关 键 词：低负荷运行 深度调峰 水动力计算 数值模拟 流量分配 

分 类 号：TK223.3[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程] TM621.2[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]