高Mach数电磁流动控制效果研究进展  

Advances in Research on High-Mach-Number Electromagnetic Flow Control Effectiveness

作　　者：杜洋 柳军[1] DU Yang;LIU Jun(Hypersonic Technology Laboratory,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China)

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学高超声速技术实验室,湖南长沙410073

出　　处：《气体物理》2025年第2期16-29,共14页Physics of Gases

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2019YFA0405200)。

摘　　要：高空高速飞行条件下的电磁流动控制技术可以应用于热防护、分离区控制、缓解黑障问题、气动外形设计等多个领域,然而目前该技术在各领域中的应用效果及规律尚未经过系统的总结。现有的研究结果表明,对于磁控热防护,配合以合理的优化方法或合适的电磁场参数,能够实现典型状态下驻点热流降低至少20%的控制效果;对于磁控分离区,典型工况下也能实现20%及以上的控制效果;对于磁控通信问题,磁控可以显著降低电子数密度(超过40%),进而有效降低等离子体的截止频率,从而缓解黑障问题。机理方面,对于较为复杂的分离流控制,目前研究主要集中于均布磁场控制,磁场种类相对单一,对电磁场时空分布参数的研究多集中于指定区间内的个别数值,且没有和优化方法相结合;对于飞行器头部热流磁流体流动控制,已经开始采用优化方法进行变磁场设计,从而有效降低飞行器头部的峰值热通量和总热载荷。根据目前的研究现状,对电磁流动控制效果和规律的相关研究现状进行了总结,从而对后续电磁场进一步的优化设计提供指导。The electromagnetic flow control technology under high-altitude and high-speed flight conditions can be applied in multiple fields such as thermal protection,separation zone control,alleviating ionization blackout problems,aerodynamic shape design,etc.However,the application effects and laws of this technology in various fields have not been systematically summarized.The existing research results indicate that for magnetic thermal protection,reasonable optimization methods or appropriate electromagnetic field parameters can achieve a control effect of reducing stagnation point heat flux by at least 20%under typical conditions.For the magnetic separation zone,a control effect of 20%or more can also be achieved under typical operating conditions.Regarding the magnetic cutoff frequency,it can effectively reduce the electron density by more than 40%,thereby improving the ionization blackout problem.In terms of mechanism,for more complex separation flow control,current research mainly focuses on uniformly distributed magnetic field control,with a single type of magnetic field.Research on the spatiotemporal distribution parameters of the electromagnetic field mostly focuses on individual values within a specified interval,and has not been combined with optimization methods.For the control of heat flux and magnetic flow at the aircraft head,optimization methods have been adopted for variable magnetic field design,effectively reducing the peak heat flux and total heat load of the aircraft head.Based on the current research status,a summary has been made on the effectiveness and laws of electromagnetic flow control,providing guidance for further optimization design of electromagnetic fields in the future.

关 键 词：高Mach数 电磁流动控制 控制效果 热防护 分离流控制 

分 类 号：V211.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]