电弧射流中常用量热计测量误差分析  

Error Analyses for the Frequently-Used Calorimeters in Arc Jet

作　　者：许考[1] 陈连忠[1] 陈智铭[1] 欧东斌[1] XU Kao;CHEN Lianzhong;CHEN Zhiming;OU Dongbin(China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics,Beijing 100074,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航天空气动力技术研究院,北京100074

出　　处：《气体物理》2025年第2期50-60,共11页Physics of Gases

摘　　要：根据冷壁热流密度测量值的高低,通常使用塞式量热计、改进的塞式量热计和水卡量热计测量电弧射流流场中模型表面热流密度。由于上述量热计与隔热套及模型之间不可避免地存在传热,或隔热套的热解烧蚀,引起热流密度测量误差。将初始的冷壁热流密度转变至不同时刻的热壁热流密度,并作为对应时刻的边界条件进行非稳态传热计算,对于塞式量热计和改进的塞式量热计,可根据计算的测试端各时刻温度变化计算出新的热流密度值;而对于水卡量热计,可根据稳定时刻进出水温差计算出热流密度值。计算的热流密度值与初始的冷壁热流密度值对比,可以获得3种量热计热流密度测量误差,该方法可以用于指导防热试验的热流密度测量。The slug calorimeter,the improved slug calorimeter and the water calorimeter are usually chosen to measure the heat flux values on the model surface based on the magnitude of heat flux values.There inevitably exists heat transfer between the thermal insulation sleeve of the calorimeter and the model,or pyrolysis of the thermal insulation sleeve,either of which can result in measurement errors of the heat flux.In this paper,the initial cold wall heat fluxes were converted to the hot wall heat fluxes at different moments,which were used as the new boundary conditions for unsteady heat transfer calculation at the corresponding moments.For the slug calorimeter and the improved slug calorimeter,the flux values were obtained based on the temperature change at different moments.For the water calorimeter,the flux values were obtained based on the temperature difference between inlet and outlet water at the stable time.The errors were analyzed by comparing the calculated heat fluxes with the cold wall heat fluxes at the initial moment,which can be used to guide the flux measurement in thermal protection tests.

关 键 词：电弧射流 量热计 热流密度测量 误差分析 非稳态传热 

分 类 号：V211.7[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]