基于16S rDNA对滑顶薄壳鸟蛤和加州扁鸟蛤的分类地位研究  

Genetic relationship between Fulvia mutica and Clinocardium californiense on 16S rDNA gene sequences

作　　者：解耀宇 贾梦豪 才林暄 田莹[1,2] XIE Yaoyu;JIA Menghao;CAI Linxuan;TIAN Ying(Key Laboratory of Mariculture&Stock Enhancement in North China Sea,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,Liaoning China;Shellfish Research Institute,Dalian Shell Museum,Dalian 116023,Liaoning China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学,农业农村部北方海水增养殖重点实验室,辽宁大连116023 [2]大连贝壳博物馆贝类研究所,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《黑龙江水产》2025年第2期122-127,共6页Northern Chinese Fisheries

基　　金：辽宁省科技重大专项2025北方海洋经济动物种质创新与应用。

摘　　要：该研究测定了滑顶薄壳鸟蛤(Fulvia mutica)和加州扁鸟蛤(Clinocardium californiense)各形态性状和重量性状(壳长、壳宽、壳高、湿重及软体部重),研究了二者各数量性状间的关系。通过PCR扩增技术获得两者的16S rDNA基因序列,并从NCBI上获得的其他17种鸟尾蛤科(Cardiidae)的16S rDNA序列,使用MEGA 7.0采用NJ邻接法对这19种鸟蛤构建系统进化树。结果表明,加州扁鸟蛤的各数量性状(壳宽、壳长、壳高、湿重和软体部重)均低于滑顶薄壳鸟蛤,出肉率也低于滑顶薄壳鸟蛤。加州扁鸟蛤和滑顶薄壳鸟蛤的16S片段长度相近,分别为482 bp和490 bp,各碱基组成的百分比近似,加州扁鸟蛤的碱基A占29.05%、碱基T占28.84%、碱基C占15.56%、碱基G占26.57%,滑顶薄壳鸟蛤的碱基A占29.80%、碱基T占29.80%、碱基C占15.31%、碱基G占25.10%;基于16S序列系统发育树发现,加州扁鸟蛤与滑顶薄壳鸟蛤亲缘关系较远,其中加州扁鸟蛤与大篮鸟蛤(Clinocardium nuttallii)和方舟尾鸟蛤亲(Laevicardium oblongum)缘关系较近;滑顶薄壳鸟蛤与薄壳鸟蛤(Fulvia aperta)、澳洲薄壳鸟蛤(Fulvia australis)、波纹薄壳鸟蛤(Fulvia undatopicta)等关系更近。This study measured the morphological and weight traits(shell length,shell width,shell height,wet weight,and soft tissue weight)of Fulvia mutica and Clinocardium californiense,and investigated the relationships among their quantitative traits.The 16S rDNA gene sequences of both species were obtained using PCR amplification technology.Additionally,16S rDNA sequences of 17 other species in the family Cardiidae were retrieved from NCBI.A phylogenetic tree of these 19 cockle species was constructed using the Neighbor-Joining(NJ)method in MEGA 7.0.The results showed that all quantitative traits(shell width,shell length,shell height,wet weight,and soft tissue weight)of Clinocardium californiense were lower than those of Fulvia mutica,and its meat yield rate was also lower.The 16S fragment lengths of Clinocardium californiense and Fulvia mutica were similar(482 bp and 490 bp,respectively),with comparable nucleotide composition percentages:Clinocardium californiense had A(29.05%),T(28.84%),C(15.56%),and G(26.57%),while Fulvia mutica had A(29.80%),T(29.80%),C(15.31%),and G(25.10%).The phylogenetic tree based on 16S sequences revealed a distant genetic relationship between Clinocardium californiense and Fulvia mutica.Clinocardium californiense was closely related to Clinocardium nuttallii and Laevicardium oblongum,whereas Fulvia mutica clustered closely with Fulvia aperta,Fulvia australis,and Fulvia undatopicta.

关 键 词：滑顶薄壳鸟蛤(Fulvia mutica) 加州扁鸟蛤(Clinocardium californiense) 形态测量 16S基因 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]