基于CFD-DPM模型的不同生态抛枕防护效果分析  

Protective Effects of Different Shapes of Ecological Rip-rap BagsBased on CFD-DPM Model

作　　者：孙洪广[1] 洪良贞 王茂枚 王连 SUN Hong-guang;HONG Liang-zhen;WANG Mao-mei;WANG Lian(College of Mechanics and Engineering Science,Hohai University,Nanjing 211100,China;Underwater Exploration Center,Jiangsu Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210017,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学力学与工程科学学院,南京211100 [2]江苏省水利科学院水下探测中心,南京210017

出　　处：《长江科学院院报》2025年第4期19-26,44,共9页Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute

基　　金：江苏省水利科技项目(523074712)。

摘　　要：天然河道中弯曲边坡是受侵蚀的严重区域,弯曲边坡防护是河道治理的重大难题。基于生态护坡理念,对比研究了砂石填装的不同形状抛枕在弯道侵蚀中的防护效果。根据实际河道结构,构建了弯道河床几何模型,进而利用计算流体力学-离散相模型(CFD-DPM)方法分析在弯曲河道凹岸侧投放长方体、半球体和半圆柱体抛枕的护岸效果。分析结果表明:在水流速度v=0.5 m/s的条件下,放置有抛枕的3种模型中,长方体抛枕附近的凹岸受到的压力最小,半圆柱体抛枕中颗粒雷诺数最小;半圆柱体抛枕阻挡的颗粒量最多、颗粒的平均速度最小,比无抛枕模型中的颗粒平均速度小9%;放置长方体抛枕的护岸模式下,对抛枕附近的凹岸有较好的防护效果,放置半圆柱体抛枕的护岸模式下,阻沙效果最佳。Curved slopes in natural river channels are highly susceptible to erosion,posing a significant challenge for river management.To address this issue,a comparative study was conducted on the protective effects of sand-and-gravel rip-rap bags of different shapes against erosion based on the concept of ecological slope protection.First,a geometric model of the curved-channel bed was constructed according to the actual river structure.Then,the CFD-DPM method was employed to analyze the bank-protection effects of rectangular,hemispherical,and semi-cylindrical bags placed on the concave bank of the curved channel.Results revealed that under a flow velocity of 0.5 m/s,among the three shapes of protection bags,rectangular bags bring about the least pressure on the concave bank,while semi-cylindrical bags obstruct the largest amount of sediment particles,leading to the smallest Reynolds number of particles and the minimum average particle velocity,9%lower than that in the model without protection bags.In conclusion,rectangular rip-raping bags offers better protection for the adjacent concave bank,while semi-cylindrical bags provide the most effective sand-blocking function.

关 键 词：弯曲边坡防护 生态护坡 砂石抛枕 弯道河床几何模型 CFD-DPM方法 防护效果 

分 类 号：TV851[水利工程—水利水电工程]