近10年塔里木河干流中游蜿蜒形态演变规律  

Evolutionary Patterns of Meandering Morphology in the MiddleReach of the Mainstream Tarim River over the Past Decade

作　　者：张小莹[1,2] 刘淇 肖玉磊 戴文鸿 李琳 ZHANG Xiao-ying;LIU Qi;XIAO Yu-lei;DAI Wen-hong;LI Lin(College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Disaster Prevention,Urumqi 830052,China;Mainstream Management Bureau of Tarim River Basin,Korla 841000,China;College of Water Resources and Hydropower,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆水利工程安全与水灾害防治重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052 [3]新疆维吾尔自治区塔里木河流域干流管理局,新疆维吾尔自治区库尔勒841000 [4]河海大学水利水电学院,南京210098

出　　处：《长江科学院院报》2025年第4期27-35,共9页Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发项目(2022B03024-2)。

摘　　要：为了揭示塔里木河干流典型蜿蜒型河流形态的形成及河道冲淤演变规律,基于遥感影像,用套绘的形式总结了塔里木河中游乌斯满—阿其克段近10 a河道边界的平面形态变化类型。结合实测大断面和水文资料,用河相关系分析了河道在不同时间下横断面的稳定性。结果表明:(1)塔里木河中游乌斯满—阿其克段河流平面几何形态演变主要分为4种单一变形(正偏、负偏、延伸、缩拢)以及4种组合变形(正偏+延伸、正偏+缩拢、负偏+延伸、负偏+缩拢)共8种形式,研究河段正偏+延伸变形占比最大。(2)提出描述河道平面的主要演变类型的形态参数偏移度与展宽度及其计算方法,发现影响偏移度的最主要因素是年径流量,其次是年输沙量和造床流量,洪水是影响展宽度的重要因素。(3)研究河段近年来河相系数增大,河床纵向趋于稳定,河床横向的稳定性沿程增大。研究成果对于塔里木河中游蜿蜒型河流防洪工程建设、河道整治具有重要的参考价值。To reveal the formation and evolutionary patterns of typical meandering river morphology in the main stream of the Tarim River,this study used remote-sensing images and overlaying techniques to summarize the types of planform changes in the river boundaries of the middle reach of Tarim River from Wusiman to Aqike over the past decade.Moreover,integrating measured cross-sections and hydrological data,river regime analysis was employed to evaluate the stability of river cross-sections at different times.The results are as follows:1)The planform geometric evolution of the middle reach from Wusiman to Aqike can be categorized into four single patterns(positive shift,negative shift,extension,and contraction)and four combined patterns(positive shift plus extension,positive shift plus contraction,negative shift plus extension,and negative shift plus contraction).Among them,the positive shift plus extension pattern is the most prevalent in the study reach.2)Morphological parameters,namely the offset degree and widening degree,along with their calculation methods,were proposed to depict the main types of planform evolution in river channels.Annual discharge was found to be the primary factor influencing the offset degree,followed by the annual sediment transport and bedload discharge.Flood was identified as the key factor affecting the widening degree.3)In recent years,the hydraulic geometric relation coefficient has increased,suggesting an enhanced longitudinal stability of the riverbed.Meanwhile,the transverse stability of the riverbed has also improved along the study reach.This research offers significant reference for flood control engineering and river channel regulation of meandering rivers in the middle reach of the Tarim River.

关 键 词：蜿蜒型河道 河流演变 河相关系 防洪工程 河道整治 塔里木河 

分 类 号：TV147.1[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]