两河口深孔泄洪洞掺气水流水力特性试验研究  

Experimental Study on Hydraulic Characteristics of the AeratedFlow over Spillway in Lianghekou Hydropower Station

作　　者：王继敏 刘宗显 杜成波 马斌[2] 张子良[2] WANG Ji-min;LIU Zong-xian;DU Cheng-bo;MA Bin;ZHANG Zi-liang(Yalong River Hydropower Development Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610051,China;State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Intelligent Construction and Operation,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]雅砻江流域水电开发有限公司,成都610051 [2]天津大学水利工程智能建设与运维全国重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《长江科学院院报》2025年第4期103-111,共9页Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52379077);云南省重点研发计划项目(202203AA080009);天津市应用基础研究项目(22JCYBJC01180);河北省自然科学基金项目(E2023402015)。

摘　　要：基于两河口泄洪洞进行机理试验,研究了在不同过流条件下3种掺气坎的水流流态、动水压强、通气空腔、风速及水体掺气浓度的变化规律,分析了现有空腔长度、气水比及含水比计算公式对本工程试验的适用性,为后续工程开展及本领域研究提供基础。研究结果表明:泄洪流量越大,水流掺气现象越明显,时均压强与脉动压强均方根峰值越大,气水比、空腔负压、空腔长度等水力参数越大。在相同流量下,掺气浓度沿程逐渐增大,且垂向掺气浓度分布依次出现“C”形、“S”形及“一”字分布规律;在同断面不同流量下,掺气浓度随着流量的增大而增大,且垂向掺气浓度分布依次出现“一”字、“S”形及“C”形分布规律。通过对现有计算公式的分析和探讨,认为时启燧空腔长度计算公式、陈肇和气水比计算公式及Hall含水比计算公式对本工程适用性最好。Based on the mechanism experiments conducted for the spillway of the Lianghekou hydropower station,this study investigates the variation tendencies of the flow regime,dynamic pressure,air vent cavities,wind speed,and aeration concentration under three types of aeration thresholds.The applicability of formulas for calculating cavity length,gas-water ratio,and water content ratio to the studied project are analyzed,and the derived conclusions could be employed for further investigation on Lianghekou hydropower station and other similar hydraulic projects.Research findings indicate that aeration in the water flow becomes more pronounced with the increasing of spillway discharge,and several hydraulic indicators increase simultaneously,including the root mean square of time-averaged pressure and fluctuating pressure,aeration rate,cavity negative pressure,and cavity length.At a given discharge,the air concentration increases along the spillway,and the vertical distribution of aeration concentration displays successively C-shaped,S-shaped,and I-shaped patterns.According to the research findings,we recommend that Shi Qisui’s formula for cavity length,Chen Zhaohe’s formula for gas-water ratio,and Hall’s formula for water content ratio are most suitable for the estimations of the present study.

关 键 词：深孔泄洪洞 空腔长度 含水比 掺气浓度 气水比 

分 类 号：TV135.2[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]