西藏自治区部分地区家犬细粒棘球绦虫和十二指肠贾第虫感染情况调查  

Investigation on Echinococcus granulosus and Giardia duodenalis Infections in Domestic Dogs in Certain Areas of the Tibet Autonomous Region

作　　者：杨涛 郝力力[2] 拉巴次仁 党发发 旺扎 益西尊姆 向阳 次仁桑珠 白玛玉珍 普布卓玛 宁立宏 冯青 YANG Tao;HAO Lili;LABA Ciren;DANG Fafa;WANG Zha;YIXI Zunmu;XIANG Yang;CIREN Sangzhu;BAIMA Yuzhen;PUBU Zhuoma;NING Lihong;FENG Qing(Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention in Tibet Autonomous Region,Lhasa 850000,China;College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu 610041,China;Lhasa Mozhu Gongka County Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station,Lhasa 850000,China;Nagqu City Agricultural and Rural Bureau,Nagqu 852000,China;Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Science and Technology Service Station,Seni District,Nagqu,Tibet Autonomous Region,Nagqu 852000,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏自治区动物疫病预防控制中心,西藏拉萨850000 [2]西南民族大学畜牧兽医学院,四川成都610041 [3]拉萨市墨竹工卡县畜牧兽医站,西藏拉萨850000 [4]那曲市农业农村局,西藏那曲852000 [5]西藏自治区那曲市色尼区农牧业科学技术服务站,西藏那曲852000

出　　处：《中国兽医杂志》2025年第4期28-36,共9页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：中央引导地方项目(XZ202202YD0032C)。

摘　　要：为了解西藏部分地区家犬感染细粒棘球绦虫和十二指肠贾第虫的基本情况,本试验基于细粒棘球绦虫烟酰胺脱氢酶亚基Ⅰ(nadⅠ)基因以及十二指肠贾第虫磷酸丙糖异构酶(tpi)、β-贾第素(bg)和谷氨酸脱氢酶(gdh)基因,采用巢式PCR方法对采集自拉萨市和林芝市4个乡镇(工卡镇、日多乡、娘蒲乡和加兴乡)的553份家犬粪便样本进行检测,并对PCR阳性产物进行测序、序列比对和遗传进化分析,从而确定细粒棘球绦虫和十二指肠贾第虫的感染情况和遗传进化关系。结果显示,本试验共检出57份细粒棘球绦虫阳性样本,总阳性率为10.3%(57/553),遗传进化分析结果显示,阳性样本为细粒棘球绦虫G5基因型[奥氏棘球绦虫(Echinococcus ortleppi)];共检出46份十二指肠贾第虫阳性样本,总阳性率为8.3%(46/553),遗传进化分析结果显示,阳性样本基因型为十二指肠贾第虫集聚体C、D和G。结果表明,西藏部分地区家犬细粒棘球绦虫和十二指肠贾第虫感染率均较高,家犬粪便中检出的细粒棘球绦虫G5基因型目前在我国报道较少,检出的十二指肠贾第虫集聚体G仅感染啮齿类动物,提示调查地区细粒棘球绦虫和十二指肠贾第虫出现了新的流行情况。本试验为当地犬寄生虫病的防控提供了重要数据支撑,后期应进一步加强犬只监测,并做好相应的管理和驱虫工作。To understand the prevalence of Echinococcus granulosus(E.granulosus)and Giardia duodenalis(G.duodenalis)infections in domestic dogs in certain areas of Tibet,this study collected 553 fecal samples from domestic dogs in four townships(Gongka Town,Riduo Township,Niangpu Township,and Jiaxing Township)in Lhasa and Nyingchi.Nested PCR targeting the nicotinamide dehydrogenase subunitⅠ(nadⅠ)gene of E.granulosus and the triose phosphate isomerase(tpi),beta-giardins(bg),and glutamate dehydrogenase(gdh)genes of G.duodenalis was performed to detect infections.PCR-positive products were further sequenced,aligned,and subjected to phylogenetic analysis to determine the genetic relationships and evolutionary status of the detected parasites.The results showed that 57 samples tested positive for E.granulosus,with an overall prevalence of 10.3%(57/553).Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the positive samples belonged to the G5 genotype(Echinococcus ortleppi).Additionally,46 samples tested positive for G.duodenalis,with a prevalence of 8.3%(46/553).Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the positive G.duodenalis samples belonged to assemblages C,D,and G.These findings indicate a high prevalence of E.granulosus and G.duodenalis infections in domestic dogs in certain areas of Tibet.The E.granulosus G5 genotype detected in dog feces has been rarely reported in China,while the G.duodenalis assemblage G detected only infects rodents,suggestting a new epidemiological pattern of these parasites in the surveyed areas.This study provides important data support for the prevention and control of dog's parasitic diseases in Tibet.Future surveillance efforts should focus on strengthening monitoring of dogs,improving management practices,and implementing effective deworming programs.

关 键 词：家犬 细粒棘球绦虫 十二指肠贾第虫 巢式PCR G5基因型 集聚体G 

分 类 号：S855.91[农业科学—临床兽医学]