论人工智能作品利用行为的版权人补偿机制  

Mechanisms for Compensating Copyright Holders for the Exploitation of Works by Artificial Intelligence

作　　者：郝亚军 Hao Yajun

机构地区：[1]清华大学法学院

出　　处：《电子知识产权》2025年第2期4-14,共11页Electronics Intellectual Property

摘　　要：版权法因应新型作品利用技术的经济逻辑是由替代效应、增值效应和交易成本构成的一项立体分析框架。强劲的替代效应和增值效应表明将人工智能作品利用行为纳入版权控制范围具有很强的正当性;但赋予产权的方案因高昂交易成本而存在严重的可行性问题。创新政策多元主义理论指出,知识产权制度之外,财政支持也发挥着协调信息产品生产的重要功能。以私人复制版税制度和专利盒制度为蓝本的税收补偿机制,能够有效矫正人工智能技术引发的作品生产激励相对不足的状况,且具有实施成本低、资金分配效率高、政策空间大和受惠主体多元的优点。The economic logic of copyright law’s response to new technologies that exploit copyrighted works is a threedimensional analytical framework of substitution effects,value-added effects and transaction costs.Strong substitution and value-added effects suggest the legitimacy of bringing AI exploitation within the scope of copyright control.However,the feasibility of granting property rights schemes is challenged by high transaction costs.The theory of innovation policy pluralism suggests that,besides intellectual property systems,fiscal support also plays a crucial function in coordinating the production of information goods.A tax compensation mechanism modeled on the private copying levy system and the patent box system can effectively address the incentive insufficiency for the production of works triggered by AI technology,and has the advantages of low implementation costs,efficient allocation of funds,large policy space,and plurality of beneficiaries.

关 键 词：人工智能数据训练 合理使用 版税制度 创新政策多元主义 

分 类 号：D923.4[政治法律—民商法学]