石墨烯对纯铝力学、电学和耐腐蚀性能影响  

Impact of graphene on mechanical,electrical and corrosion resistance properties of pure aluminum

作　　者：张海平 孙庆泽 李炯利 王旭东 ZHANG Haiping;SUN Qingze;LI Jiongli;WANG Xudong(Beijing Institute of Graphene Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100094,China;AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials,Beijing 100095,China)

机构地区：[1]北京石墨烯技术研究院有限公司,北京100094 [2]中国航发北京航空材料研究院,北京100095

出　　处：《材料科学与工艺》2025年第2期75-81,共7页Materials Science and Technology

摘　　要：为了研究粉末冶金工艺和石墨烯对纯铝力学性能和耐腐蚀性能的影响,以铝粉和氧化石墨烯粉末为原材料,采用粉末冶金工艺,制备了石墨烯铝基复合材料杆材和粉末冶金纯铝杆材,并采用相同挤压工艺获得了熔融铸造纯铝杆材,开展了3种材料的力学性能、电学性能和中性盐雾腐蚀性能研究。利用金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、能谱(EDS)和重量变化等手段分析了3种材料的微观组织与腐蚀产物。结果表明,粉末冶金工艺能将纯铝材料的拉伸强度提高17.2%,同时保持电阻率几乎不变;0.5%含量石墨烯可使纯铝拉伸强度提高42.5%,且电阻率仅增大1.4%。在中性盐雾环境下,铸造纯铝的腐蚀速率略高于粉末冶金纯铝,石墨烯铝基复合材料和粉末冶金纯铝的腐蚀速率相当。石墨烯可有效提高纯铝力学性能,同时不明显降低其电阻率和耐腐蚀性能。In order to study the influence of powder metallurgy process and graphene on the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of pure aluminum matrix,the graphene aluminum matrix composite rod and powder metallurgy pure aluminum rod were prepared by powder metallurgy process using aluminum powder and GO powder as raw materials.Additionally,the melt casting pure aluminum rod was obtained by using the same extrusion process.The mechanical properties,electrical properties and neutral salt spray corrosion properties of the three materials were studied.The microstructure and corrosion products of the three materials were analyzed by means of optical microscopy(OM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS)and weight change analysis.The results show that the tensile strength of pure aluminum can be increased by 17.2%by powder metallurgy,while the electrical resistivity remains almost unchanged.The tensile strength of pure aluminum increased by 42.5%with the addition of 0.5%graphene content and the electrical resistivity increased by only 1.4%.In the neutral salt spray environment,the corrosion rate of cast pure aluminum is slightly higher than that of powder metallurgy pure aluminum,while the corrosion rate of graphene aluminum matrix composite and powder metallurgy pure aluminum are comparable.Graphene can effectively improve the mechanical properties of pure aluminum without significantly compromising its electrical resistivity and corrosion resistance.

关 键 词：石墨烯铝基复合材料 粉末冶金 力学性能 电学性能 耐腐蚀性能 

分 类 号：TG146[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]