不同种类菇渣添加量对草莓扦插育苗效果的研究  

Study on the effect of adding different types of mushroom residue on strawberry cutting seedling cultivation

作　　者：刘慧兰 裴庆余 李邵 李恺 宫彬彬[1,3] 陈利达 高洪波 LIU Huilan;PEI Qingyu;LI Shao;LI Kai;GONG Binbin;CHEN Lida;GAO Hongbo(College of Horticulture,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China;Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100125,China;Key Laboratory of North China Water saving Agriculture,Baoding 071001,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学园艺学院,河北保定071001 [2]农业农村部规划设计研究院,北京100125 [3]农业农村部华北节水农业重点实验室,河北保定071001

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2025年第2期37-45,61,共10页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：河北省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(HBCT2023100211).

摘　　要：为明确菇渣废弃物在草莓基质扦插育苗生产中的应用效果,本研究以纤维素含量较高且较稳定的白玉菇渣为试材,根据理化性质设置不同添加比例,通过扦插苗生长指标的测定,初步筛选适宜添加比例,并用理化性质接近的灵芝菇渣进行验证,确定草莓扦插育苗适宜的基质理化性质和菇渣基质配方。结果表明:15%~30%菇渣添加量的基质配方理化性质较为适宜草莓育苗,随着菇渣添加量的减少草莓生物量呈上升趋势,其中添加比例为15%的T7处理草莓秧苗株高、壮苗指数、茎粗和根系活力等指标均达到最大,优于其他添加比例以及草炭添加量为60%的对照基质,较对照分别提高21.23%,95.26%,16.87%和175.00%。在灵芝菇渣的验证试验中得到了与白玉菇渣同样的结果,相同比例的配方在所有处理中表现最好,株高、壮苗指数、茎粗和根系活力等指标较对照分别提高42.80%,310.89%,18.59%和266.67%。表明理化性质近似的菇渣可以相互替代,采用相同的配比均可得到适宜扦插育苗基质配方,其中菇渣∶草炭∶珍珠岩∶粗蛭石=1.5∶4∶2∶2.5可作为白玉菇渣、灵芝菇渣等理化性质接近的菇渣在草莓扦插育苗基质配方中使用,为促进菇渣废弃物作为基质重复利用提供理论依据。To clarify the application effect of mushroom residue on strawberry substrate cutting and seedling cultivation,this study added white cultivar residue with high and stable cellulose content to the growing medium with different ratios according to its physical and chemical properties.Through determination of seedling growth indicators,suitable addition ratios were preliminarily screened,which was verified by ganoderma lucidum residue with similar physical and chemical properties,thus to determine the suitable substrate physical and chemical properties and mushroom residue substrate formula for strawberry cutting and seedling cultivation.The results showed that the pH of the mixed substrate was below 8.0 when the amount of mushroom residue added was less than 30%.With a decrease of adding amount of white cultivar residue,the biomass of strawberries increased.The T7 treatment of strawberry seedlings with a mushroom residue ratio of 15%achieved the highest plant height,seedling strong index,stem thickness,and root activity,which increased by 21.23%,95.26%,16.87%,and 175.00%respectively compared with the control,and were superior to other proportion substrates and the control substrate with 60%peat addition.IIn the validation experiment of ganoderma lucidum residue,the same results as those of white cultivar residue were obtained.The formula with the same proportion performed the best in all treatments,s howing an increase of plant height,seedling strong index,stem thickness and root activity increased by 42.80%,310.89%,18.59%,and 266.67%,respectively,compared to the control.Mushroom residues with similar physical and chemical properties can be used to obtain suitable substrate formulas with the same ratio for strawberry cutting seedling.The substrate formula was mushroom residue∶peat∶perlite∶coarse vermiculite=1.5∶4∶2.5 for strawberry cutting and seedling cultivation,which could apply to mushroom residues with similar physical and chemical properties,such as white cultivar residue and ganoderma lucidum resi

关 键 词：菇渣添加量 理化性质 草莓扦插育苗基质 壮苗指数 根系活力 

分 类 号：S662.5[农业科学—果树学]