滴灌下栗钙土田土壤水分浸润与释水特征  

Characteristics of water infiltration and availability in cropland of chestnut soil under drip irrigation

作　　者：韩云杰 宋晋辉[1] 张立峰[1] 高伏龙 卢海涛 张继宗[2] HAN Yunjie;SONG Jinhui;ZHANG Lifeng;GAO Fulong;LU Haitao;ZHANG Jizong(College of Agronomy,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China;College of Agriculture and Forestry,Hebei North University,Zhangjiakou 075000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学农学院,河北保定071001 [2]河北北方学院农村科技学院,河北张家口075000

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2025年第2期118-125,136,共9页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1901104-5);河北省现代农业产业技术体系露地蔬菜创新团队岗位任务(HBCT2024140204).

摘　　要：为明确冀西北地区滴灌条件下栗钙土农田土壤水分的运移特征与对作物生产的有效性。本试验在中壤质和砂壤质栗钙土田分别设置5、10、15、20和25 mm滴灌量处理,监测不同滴灌量下土壤湿润体形态特征、分析土体可供作物利用的释水量。结果表明:两种栗钙土下滴灌水分均呈现以滴灌点为中心,径向与纵向递减的双向非均匀分布特征。在较低滴灌量下土体湿润剖面呈“半球状”;中壤质栗钙土田超过15 mm后,湿润剖面呈“水盂状”;砂壤质栗钙土田在较低滴灌量时就以“水盂状”润湿土壤。对湿润体水分空间分布与可供水数量的模拟分析,明确了不同滴灌量下,表征“水盂状”湿润体相对含水率加权平均值的位点,以及期望相对含水量下限时,一定土层厚度的释水量。研究结果可为冀西北地区依水调根、促进根-水耦合,提高水肥利用效率的技术创新奠定了理论基础。In order to determine the characteristics of soil water transport and availability for crop production in cropland of chestnut soil under drip irrigation in northwestern Hebei Province,field experiments were conducted with five treatments of irrigation amount at 5,10,15,20 and 25 mm in loam and sandy loam chestnut soil,respectively.The results showed that the content of irrigation water in soil decreased gradually in the vertical and horizontal directions from the sites of drip emitter.When the amount of drip irrigation was no more than 15 mm in the loam chestnut soil,the profiles of wetted body shaped like a hemisphere,otherwise a jar-shape wetting front appeared.By contrast,the shape of wetted body was similar as a jar in the sandy loam chestnut soil for all treatments.Simulation analysis of the spatial distribution of moisture in wet bodies and the available amount of water suggested the site of the weighted average relative moisture content of the jar shape wetted body under different drip irrigation amount and the amount of water that can be absorbed by crops when soil moisture reduced to the lower irrigation threshold for a given depth of soil.The research results can provide theoretical basis for promoting root-water coupling,innovating technologies to improve the water-fertilizer use efficiency in northwestern Hebei Province.

关 键 词：滴灌量 栗钙土 湿润体特征 水分空间分布 释水量 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]