长期失重环境下眼部变化及机制研究进展  

Progress on Changes and Its Proposed Pathogenesis in the Eyes Exposed to Long-term Microgravity Environment

作　　者：杨艳艳 吴斌[1] 黄泽民[1] 石宏志[1] 怀旭[1] 王菲 徐冲[1] YANG Yanyan;WU Bin;HUANG Zemin;SHI Hongzhi;HUAI Xu;WANG Fei;XU Chong(China Astronaut Research and Training Center,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航天员科研训练中心,北京100094

出　　处：《载人航天》2025年第2期190-196,共7页Manned Spaceflight

基　　金：试验技术研究项目(2017SY54A0302);医学科技青年培育计划(19QNP116)。

摘　　要：太空失重环境可引起心血管功能失调、骨丢失、肌肉萎缩及视力受损等多种病理生理改变,NASA执行长期航天飞行任务的航天员部分出现不同程度的视力异常、眼生理结构和眼底改变等,称之为空间飞行相关神经-眼综合征。针对长期飞行引起的眼部问题,综述长期失重环境对人体眼部的影响,主要包括视力、眼压、眼组织及眼底等方面,以及长期在轨飞行引起视觉损伤的可能机制,以期寻找出这些问题的预防和治疗措施。Long-term exposure to the microgravity environment of space can induce various pathophysiological changes such as cardiovascular dysfunction,bone loss,muscle atrophy,and visual impairment.NASA reported that astronauts on long-duration space missions exhibited varying degrees of visual abnormalities,alterations in ocular physiology and fundus,collectively termed as Spaceflight Associated Neuro-ocular Syndrome(SANS).This paper reviewed the effects of long-term exposure to microgravity on human eyes,focusing on aspects such as vision,intraocular pressure,ocular tissues,and fundus,as well as the possible mechanisms for visual damage caused by long-term inorbit flight,so as to identify the potential countermeasures for these ophthalmic problems and provide insights for maintaining the ocular health of astronauts during long-term orbital missions.

关 键 词：失重 空间飞行相关神经-眼综合征 眼内压 视力 眼底 

分 类 号：R857[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]