载人航天器舱体撞击及泄漏点的声学定位方法  

Acoustic Location Method for Impact and Leakage of Manned Spacecraft

作　　者：綦磊[1] 闫荣鑫[1] 孙立臣[1] 张宇[2] 芮小博 崔寓淏 石宁波 QI Lei;YAN Rongxin;SUN Lichen;ZHANG Yu;RUI Xiaobo;CUI Yuhao;SHI Ningbo(Beijing Institute of Spacecraft Environment Engineering,Beijing 100094,China;State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology&Instruments,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]北京卫星环境工程研究所,北京100094 [2]天津大学精密测试技术及仪器国家重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《载人航天》2025年第2期270-275,共6页Manned Spaceflight

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52272432,52072408)。

摘　　要：针对载人航天器舱体撞击及泄漏点难以准确定位的问题,提出一种基于声传感器的载人航天器撞击及泄漏定位方法。通过声传感器感知航天器舱体撞击及泄漏所产生的声信号,利用门限电平法和互相关强度谱法实现对撞击及泄漏点的准确定位。结果表明:该方法可准确判断1×10^(-3) kg·m/s的碎片撞击和直径1 mm以上漏孔泄漏,撞击定位误差≤2.16 cm,泄漏定位误差≤4.23 cm,并通过我国首次在轨泄漏撞击定位试验成功验证。To address the problem of accurately locating the impact and leakage points of manned spacecraft cabins,a method based on acoustic sensors for locating the impact and leakage points in manned spacecraft was proposed.With the acoustic signals generated by the spacecraft cabin impact and leakage in real time,the threshold level determination and cross-correlation intensity spectral localization methods were used to realize the accurate location of the impact and leakage.The results showed that the impact of 1×10^(-3) kg·m/s and leakage above 1 mm hole in diameter can be accurately detected.The error of impact location was no more than 2.16 cm and the error of leakage location was no more than 4.23 cm.The method has been successfully validated through China’s first on orbit leakage and impact localization test.

关 键 词：声传感器 载人航天器 泄漏定位 撞击定位 

分 类 号：TB774[一般工业技术—真空技术] V19[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]