基于改进萤火虫算法的室内大尺度衰落信道建模方法  

Indoor Large-scale Fading Channel Modeling Method Based on Improved Firefly Algorithm

作　　者：高旭文 苏新彦[1] 姚金杰[1] 李龙 王文凯 GAO Xuwen;SU Xinyan;YAO Jinjie;LI Long;WANG Wenkai(Shanxi Prvincial Key Laboratory of Information Detection and Processing,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学信息探测与处理山西省重点实验室,山西太原030051

出　　处：《探测与控制学报》2025年第2期91-101,共11页Journal of Detection & Control

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目资助(JCKY2021210B073,JCKY2022209A001)。

摘　　要：针对电波传播模型的建立多基于大量实验数据且现有优化算法寻找最优参数易陷入局部最优解,导致搜索结果缺乏全局性的问题,提出基于改进萤火虫算法的室内大尺度衰落信道建模方法。通过连续波测试获得室内视距和非视距区域的大尺度衰落路径损耗统计数据,将双坡浮动截距模型应用于电波传播机制发生变化的室内场景信道建模中,并结合多策略融合的多种群自适应萤火虫算法来寻求最优参数,自适应寻优过程中,算法根据迭代次数动态调整种群结构,并对最优个体引入基于莱维飞行的变异机制,有效平衡局部勘探和全局搜索。实验结果表明,改进后的算法能有效地寻得全局最优解,基于改进萤火虫算法的双坡浮动截距模型路径损耗周围的阴影衰落标准差较小,其模型性能优于自由空间邻近参考距离的路径损耗模型和浮动截距模型,在路径损耗波动较大的非视距区域中,该模型的均方根误差小于双坡浮动截距模型,对复杂场景信道参数的变化有着良好的适应性。Aiming at the problem that the establishment of radio wave propagation model is mostly based on a large number of experimental data and the existing optimization algorithms tend to fall into local optimal solutions when searching for optimal parameters,which leads to the lack of global search results,an indoor large-scale fading channel modeling method based on improved firefly algorithm was proposed.Large-scale fading path loss statistics for in-room line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight regions were obtained through continuous wave testing,the dual slope floating intercept model was applied to the channel modeling of indoor scenes where the radio wave propagation mechanism changes,the multi-population adaptive firefly algorithm was combined with multi-strategy fusion to seek the optimal parameters,in the process of adaptive optimization,the algorithm dynamically adjusted the population structure according to the number of iterations,the mutation mechanism based on Levy flight was introduced to the optimal individual to balance local exploration and global search effectively.The experimental results showed that the improved algorithm could effectively find the global optimal solution,and the shadow fading standard deviation around the path loss of dual slope floating intercept model based on improved firefly algorithm was smaller,and the performance of the model was better than the close in free space reference distance path loss model and the floating intercept model,in the non-line-of-sight region where path loss fluctuates greatly,the root mean square error of this model was smaller than that of dual slope floating intercept model,which had a good adaptability to the changes of channel parameters in complex scenes.

关 键 词：室内场景 连续波测试 路径损耗 改进萤火虫算法 莱维飞行 

分 类 号：TN929.5[电子电信—通信与信息系统]