螺旋木霉JSAFC2090对薄壳山核桃病害的生防潜力  

Biocontrol potential of Trichoderma spirale JSAFC 2090 against pecan diseases

作　　者：郑香容 黄晓潇 蒋将雷 陈圆圆 陈佳佳 ZHENG Xiangrong;HUANG Xiaoxiao;JIANG Jianglei;CHEN Yuanyuan;CHEN Jiajia(College of Landscape Architecture,Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry,Jurong 212400,China;College of Forestry,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏农林职业技术学院风景园林学院,江苏句容212400 [2]河南农业大学林学院,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《中国森林病虫》2025年第2期12-20,共9页Forest Pest and Disease

基　　金：江苏农林职业技术学院科技计划项目“经济林木病原真菌鉴定与生物防治研究”(2024rc55)、“薄壳山核桃叶斑病病原鉴定及防治研究”(2023kj25)、“景观植物的化感研究及其在植物配置中的应用潜力——以江苏句容市为例”(2020kj004);江苏省高校自然科学研究面上项目“江苏省薄壳山核桃真菌病害病原鉴定及生物防治研究”(20KJB220003);镇江市创新能力建设计划“镇江市林草资源挖掘与生物灾害绿色防控重点实验室”(SS2024010)。

摘　　要：利用组织分离法从健康薄壳山核桃Carya illinoiensis根系分离木霉菌株JSAFC2090,并经形态学和分子生物学方法鉴定为螺旋木霉Trichoderma spirale,采用平板对峙法和盆栽苗试验研究其对薄壳山核桃黑斑病和炭疽病的生防效果,分析经JSAFC2090菌株孢子悬浮液灌根后薄壳山核桃根际土壤微生物群落和叶片酶活性的变化。结果表明:螺旋木霉JSAFC 2090对薄壳山核桃黑斑病病原菌Choanephora cucurbitarum和炭疽病病原菌Colletotrichum gloeosporioides有明显抑制作用,处理组薄壳山核桃植株的病斑显著变小、发病率显著降低;该菌株能改善土壞微生物群落,并显著提高薄壳山核桃苯丙氨酸解氨酶酶活性和活性氧水平,增强其抗病性。研究结果可为螺旋木霉生防菌剂的开发提供理论基础。Trichoderma strain JSAFC 2090 was separated from roots of healthy pecan trees by tissue isolation and identified as Trichoderma spirale through morphological and molecular biological methods.The biocontrol effects of T.spirale JSAFC 2090 against black spot disease and pecan anthracnose were determined using the plate confrontation and pot experiments.Changes of pecan inter‑root soil microbial communities and enzyme activeties in pecan leaves after root irrigation treatment with spore suspension of strain JSAC2090 were analysed.The results showed that T.spirale JSAFC 2090 had significant inhibition effects on Choanephora cucurbitarum,pathogen of black spot disease,and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides,pathogen of anthracnose in pecan.The lesion sizes on pecan leaves were significantly reduced,and the incidence rates of diseases were significantly decreased.The strain could improve soil microbial communities and significantly enhance activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase and reactive oxygen levels in pecan,enhancing the disease resistance.This results provided a theoretical basis for the development of T.spirale biocontrol agents.

关 键 词：螺旋木霉 薄壳山核桃 生物防治 诱导抗性 微生物群落 

分 类 号：S763.1[农业科学—森林保护学]