长白山地区不同植物对美国白蛾取食量及酶活性的影响  

Effects of different plants in Changbai Mountain area on feeding amount and enzyme activity of Hyphantria cunea

作　　者：左彤彤[1,2,3] 李婧 陈越渠 张凯鹏[1,2,3] 赵悦成 宋丽文 ZUO Tongtong;LI Jing;CHEN Yuequ;ZHANG Kaipeng;ZHAO Yuecheng;SONG Liwen(Jilin Provincial Academy of Forestry Sciences,Jilin Provincial Forestry Biological Control Center Station,Changchun 130033,China;Key Laboratory of Animal Resources and Biodiversity of Changbai Mountain,Changchun 130033,China;Jilin Province Main Forest Diseases and Insect Pests Monitoring and Epidemic Prevention Technology Innovation Center,Changchun 130033,China;Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省林业科学研究院吉林省林业生物防治中心站,吉林长春130033 [2]长白山动物资源与生物多样性吉林省重点实验室,吉林长春130033 [3]吉林省主要森林病虫害监测、防疫科技创新中心,吉林长春130033 [4]吉林农业大学,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《中国森林病虫》2025年第2期29-35,共7页Forest Pest and Disease

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目“吉林省主要森林病虫害生物防治技术研究与应用创新团队”(20210509020RQ);“十三五”国家重点研发计划子课题“森林重要生物危害因子的综合防控关键技术研究”(2018YFC1200405)。

摘　　要：为明确美国白蛾Hyphantria cunea对长白山林区植物的食性,测定并分析美国白蛾幼虫对长白山林区广泛分布的12种植物的取食量与植物叶片中营养物质和次生物质含量、叶片绒毛数量和长度等相关性,选取取食量较高的6种植物,测定取食不同时间后幼虫体内多种保护酶与解毒酶的活性变化。结果表明:美国白蛾对不同寄主植物的取食量存在差异,对胡桃楸Juglans mandshurica日取食量最大,为0.882 g,对山里红Crataegus pinnatifida var.major日取食量最少,为0.127 g;胡桃楸叶片中可溶性蛋白含量最高,为14.4 mg/g,卫矛Euonymus alatus叶片中可溶性糖含量最高,为9.4 mg/g;幼虫取食量与叶片中可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量均呈显著正相关,与叶片中蜡质和单宁含量均呈负相关,与叶片绒毛长度无相关性,但与叶片绒毛数量呈较弱正相关;美国白蛾取食不同植物叶片后体内过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GSTs)和乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)的活性出现不同程度波动以适应其寄主植物。胡桃楸和卫矛应作为长白山地区的重点监测对象。To study feeding habits of Hyphantria cunea against plants in Changbai Mountain area,feeding amount of H.cunea larvae to 12 widely distributed plants,the contents of nutrients and secondary substances in plant leaves,number and length of leaf pubescence was measured,and their correlation were analyzed,as well as the activity changes of various protective enzymes and detoxification enzymes in H.cunea larvae after feeding on six plant species were analyzed.The results showed that feeding amount of larvae on different plants varied greatly.The daily feeding amount of H.cunea larvae on Juglans mandshurica was the largest,which was 0.882 g,and daily feeding amount on Crataegus pinnatifida var.major was the least,which was 0.127 g;the content of soluble protein was the highest with 14.4 mg/g in J.mandshurica,and content of soluble sugar was the highest with 9.4 mg/g in Euonymus alatus.Feeding amount of the larvae was positively correlated with the contents of soluble sugar and soluble protein in leaves,negatively correlated with leaf-surface wax content,as well as the tannin content in leaves.There was no correlation between feeding amount and length of leaf pubescence of different plants,and feeding amount had a weakly positive correlation with number of leaf pubescence;the activity of POD,SOD,GSTs and AChE was significantly different after feeding on leaves to adapt to host plants.J.mandshurica and E.alatus should be the key targets for monitoring in Changbai Mountain area.

关 键 词：美国白蛾 取食量 酶活性 寄主植物 长白山地区 

分 类 号：S763.42[农业科学—森林保护学]