中国建设“能源强国”的内涵、路径与意义  

Connotation,pathways,and significance of building China into an“energy powerhouse”

作　　者：邹才能 李士祥[1] 熊波 杨智 刘翰林[2] 张国生 马锋[2] 潘松圻[1] 关春晓 梁英波 唐博宁[1] 吴松涛 龙吟[1] 王子恒 ZOU Caineng;LI Shixiang;XIONG Bo;YANG Zhi;LIU Hanlin;ZHANG Guosheng;MA Feng;PAN Songqi;GUAN Chunxiao;LIANG Yingbo;TANG Boning;WU Songtao;LONG Yin;WANG Ziheng(PetroChina Shenzhen New Energy Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen 518063,China;PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development,Beijing 100083,China;Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China;PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company,Xi’an 710018,China)

机构地区：[1]中石油深圳新能源研究院有限公司,广东深圳518063 [2]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083 [3]西南石油大学,成都610500 [4]中国石油长庆油田公司,陕西西安710018

出　　处：《石油勘探与开发》2025年第2期463-477,共15页Petroleum Exploration and Development

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“统筹新能源发展与国家能源安全重要关系及实践路径研究”(24&ZD106)。

摘　　要：通过总结世界能源结构与中国能源资源禀赋特点,分析了中国建设“能源强国”的时代背景与历史机遇,提出了中国“能源强国”实现路径与举措。研究表明:中国具有“煤炭较多、油气较少、风光无限”的资源禀赋,以及煤炭消费占比高、油气消费占比低、新能源消费快速增长的消费结构特点。明确提出了“全能源系统”的概念,多能互补、绿色发展、稳定供应、智慧利用与碳中和协同的“全能源系统”是解决能源转型与能源独立的有效途径。中国建设“能源强国”可按照化石能源稳步有序低碳化发展、新能源规模经济安全发展、碳中和“全能源系统”融合发展、“一带一路”能源带共建共享的发展思路推进。中国建设“能源强国”应遵循“三步走”战略路径:2025—2030年,一次能源消费达峰,实现“碳达峰”;2031—2050年,能源产量首次达到与消费量持平,迈向“能源独立”;2051—2060年,力争“碳中和”,建成“能源强国”。中国建设“能源强国”可从根本性上保障国家能源安全,推动实现碳中和目标,为世界能源转型与绿色地球建设贡献中国智慧与中国方案,支撑中国式现代化强国建设和中华民族伟大复兴。By summarizing the characteristics of the global energy structure and China’s energy resource endowment,this study analyzes the historical context and opportunities for China to build an“energy powerhouse”,and proposes pathways and measures for its realization.It is indicated that the energy resource endowment in China is characterized by abundant coal,limited oil and gas,and vast renewable potential,coupled with an energy consumption structure characterized by high coal consumption,low oil and gas consumption,and rapidly growing renewable energy use.The concept of the“whole-energy system”has been explicitly clearly defined,the“whole-energy system”approach that integrates multi-energy complementarity,green development,stable supply,smart utilization and carbon neutrality is an effective solution to addressing energy transition and energy independence.To build an“energy powerhouse,”China can follow the approach of the steady and orderly low-carbon development of fossil fuels,the safe and scaled development of new energy,the integrated development of a carbon-neutral“whole-energy system”,and the shared development of the“Belt and Road”energy corridor.China’s construction of an“energy powerhouse”should follow a“three-phase”strategic pathway:from 2025 to 2030,achieving peak primary energy consumption and“carbon peaking”;from 2031 to 2050,energy production will achieve parity with consumption for the first time,striving for“energy independence”;and from 2051 to 2060,aiming for“carbon neutrality”,and establishing an“energy powerhouse”.Building an“energy powerhouse”will fundamentally safeguard national energy security,advance the achievement of carbon neutrality goals,provide Chinese solutions for global energy transition and green Earth construction,and support the modernization and great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

关 键 词：能源大国 能源结构调整 新能源 能源绿色转型 全能源系统 能源独立 “双碳”目标 “一带一路”能源带 能源强国 能源安全 

分 类 号：TE09[石油与天然气工程]