A review of ultrafast supercapacitors for AC-line filtering  

交流线路滤波用超快超级电容器的研究进展

作　　者：SUN Qian FAN Ya-feng XIE Li-jing WANG Zhen-bing HUANG Xian-hong SU Fang-yuan CHEN Cheng-meng 孙倩;范亚锋;谢莉婧;王振兵;黄显虹;苏方远;陈成猛(中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所炭材料山西省重点实验室,山西太原030001;中国科学院大学,北京100049;中国科学院大学材料科学与光电技术学院,北京100049)

机构地区：[1]Shanxi Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials,Institute of Coal Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Taiyuan 030001,China [2]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China [3]College of Materials Science and Opto-electronics Technology,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China

出　　处：《新型炭材料(中英文)》2025年第2期243-269,共27页New Carbon Materials

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFB4101600);国家自然科学基金(22179139);中国科学院青年科学家基础研究项目(YSBR-102);山西省重点研发计划(2021020660301013);山西省引导科技成果转化专项(202104021301068);山西省专利转化专项计划(202303009)。

摘　　要：Filter capacitors play an important role in altern-ating current(AC)-line filtering for stabilizing voltage,sup-pressing harmonics,and improving power quality.However,traditional aluminum electrolytic capacitors(AECs)suffer from a large size,short lifespan,low power density,and poor reliability,which limits their use.In contrast,ultrafast supercapacitors(SCs)are ideal for replacing commercial AECs because of their extremely high power densities,fast charging and discharging,and excellent high-frequency re-sponse.We review the design principles and key parameters for ultrafast supercapacitors and summarize research pro-gress in recent years from the aspects of electrode materials,electrolytes,and device configurations.The preparation,structures,and frequency response performance of electrode materials mainly consisting of carbon materials such as graphene and carbon nanotubes,conductive polymers,and transition metal compounds,are focused on.Finally,future research directions for ultrafast SCs are suggested.滤波电容器在交流线路滤波中发挥着稳定电压、抑制谐波和改善电能质量的重要作用。然而,传统的铝电解电容器(AECs)存在体积大、寿命短、功率密度低和可靠性不足等问题,限制了其进一步应用。相比之下,超快超级电容器具有高功率密度、长循环寿命、高频率响应等优点,已成为替代商用AECs的理想选择。该文回顾了超快超级电容器的设计原理和关键参数,并从电极材料、电解液和器件结构配置等方面总结了近年来的研究进展。其中,重点探讨了以炭材料(如石墨烯、碳纳米管)、导电聚合物及过渡金属基化合物为主的电极材料制备方法、微观结构及其频率响应特性。最后,展望了超快超级电容器未来的研究方向。

关 键 词：Ultrafast supercapacitors AC-line filtering Electrode materials Electrolytes Cell configuration design 

分 类 号：TM531.5[电气工程—电器]