父母吸烟和在家二手烟暴露对青少年尝试吸烟影响  

Influence of parental smoking and household secondhand smoke exposure on adolescents smoking initiation

作　　者：苏琦[1] 徐露婷 石建辉[2] 曾新颖[1] 刘影 祁明新 曹远[2] 刘世炜[1] SU Qi;XU Luting;SHI Jianhui;ZENG Xinying;LIU Ying;QI Mingxin;CAO Yuan;LIU Shiwei(Tobacco Control Office,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing(100050),China;不详)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心控烟办公室,北京100050 [2]北京市疾病预防控制中心健康教育所

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2025年第3期339-342,347,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：首都卫生发展科研专项重点攻关项目(首发2024-1G-4221)。

摘　　要：目的探索家庭烟草烟雾暴露环境对青少年尝试吸烟行为的影响,为控烟政策制定和效果评价提供参考。方法2023年9—11月,采用分层整群随机抽样的方法选取北京市10个监测点(区县)的7841名初、高中学生进行问卷调查。采用Rao-Scottχ^(2)检验评估亚组间构成比的差异,采用复杂抽样设计的多因素Logistic回归分析探讨父母吸烟和在家二手烟暴露对青少年尝试吸烟行为的影响。结果47.17%的青少年报告父母至少有一方吸烟,其中仅父亲吸烟报告率为42.36%,仅母亲吸烟报告率为0.73%,父母双方都吸烟报告率为4.08%。有34.66%的青少年报告过去7 d在家暴露于二手烟,其中过去7 d有1~2,3~4,5~7 d在家暴露于二手烟的报告率分别为10.98%,4.79%,18.89%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,相较于父母都不吸烟,父亲吸烟和父母都吸烟的青少年尝试吸烟的比例更高[OR值(95%CI)分别为1.45(1.06~1.98),3.73(2.18~6.37),P值均<0.05]。相较于过去7 d没有在家暴露于二手烟的青少年,有3~4或5~7 d在家暴露二手烟的青少年尝试吸烟的比例更高[OR值(95%CI)分别为2.21(1.27~3.84),2.46(1.58~3.83),P值均<0.01]。结论家庭烟草烟雾暴露环境与青少年尝试吸烟行为存在关联。父母应尽可能戒烟,并禁止家庭内吸烟,为中学生创造一个无烟的家庭环境。Objective To explore the impact of household tobacco smoke exposure on adolescents attempted smoking behavior,so as to provide a reference for tobacco control policy formulation and evaluation.Methods From September to November 2023,a stratified cluster random sampling method was employed to select 7841 middle and high school students from 10 monitoring sites(districts/counties)in Beijing for a questionnaire survey.Rao-Scott Chi-square test was used to assess differences in proportions across subgroups,and complex sampling design-based multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the influence of parental smoking and secondhand smoke(SHS)exposure at home on adolescents attempted smoking behavior.Results About 47.17%of adolescents reported to have at least one parent smoked,with 42.36%reported of having only the father smoked,0.73%reported of having only the mother smoked,and 4.08%reported of having both parents smoked.About 34.66%of middle and high school students were reported SHS exposure at home in the past 7 days,with 10.98%,4.79%and 18.89%reported SHS exposure for 1-2,3-4 and 5-7 days.Compared to adolescents with non-smoking parents,those with a smoking father or both smoking parents had higher rates of attempted smoking[OR(95%CI)=1.45(1.06-1.98),3.73(2.18-6.37),P<0.05].Compared to adolescents without SHS exposure at home in the past 7 days,those exposed for 3-4 or 5-7 days had higher rates of attempted smoking[OR(95%CI)=2.21(1.27-3.84),2.46(1.58-3.83),P<0.01].Conclusions Household tobacco smoke exposure is associated with adolescent attempted smoking behavior.Parents should quit smoking and prohibit smoking at home to create a smoke-free environment for adolescents.

关 键 词：吸烟 烟草烟污染 回归分析 学生 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] F768.29[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] C913.5[经济管理—产业经济] G78[社会学]