高年级小学生社会时差与心理行为的相关性  

Correlation between social jetlag and psychological behavior in upper primary school students

作　　者：赵瑞兰[1] 朱桂因 彭涛[1] 甄国新[1] 赵芳芳[1] 宋青青 李莉[1] 马迎华[2] ZHAO Ruilan;ZHU Guiyin;PENG Tao;ZHEN Guoxin;ZHAO Fangfang;SONG Qingqing;LI Li;MA Yinghua(Department of School Health,Shunyi District Centre for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing(101300),China;不详)

机构地区：[1]北京市顺义区疾病预防控制中心学校卫生科,101300 [2]北京大学公共卫生学院/北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2025年第3期364-367,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：首都卫生发展科研专项项目(2024-2G-7107)。

摘　　要：目的探究高年级小学生社会时差与心理行为的关系,为促进小学生睡眠健康提供参考依据。方法2024年4—6月在北京市某区方便选取9所公立小学共4341名四至五年级小学生,使用自编问卷调查小学生睡眠情况,采用长处和困难问卷(SDQ)父母版调查小学生的心理行为情况,采用广义估计方程模型分析小学生不同社会时差水平与心理行为问题得分的关联。结果小学生社会时差<1.0,1.0~<2.0,≥2.0 h者分别占57.6%,30.6%和11.8%。广义估计方程模型分析发现,调整协变量后,与社会时差<1.0 h的小学生相比,社会时差在1.0~<2.0和≥2.0 h的小学生内化行为问题得分更高[β值(95%CI)分别为0.23(0.05~0.41),0.28(0.02~0.54)],社会时差≥2.0 h的小学生外化行为问题得分更高[β值(95%CI)=0.42(0.13~0.71)](P值均<0.01)。在男生、平均夜间睡眠时长≥9 h的小学生中,与社会时差<1.0 h者相比,社会时差1.0~<2.0 h的小学生内化行为问题、外化行为问题得分更高[β值(95%CI)分别为0.32(0.07~0.56),0.51(0.11~0.90),0.26(0.06~0.46),0.58(0.25~0.91),P值均<0.05]。结论社会时差较大可能是高年级小学生发生内、外化行为问题的风险因素,缩小社会时差可能有助于减少小学生心理行为问题的发生。Objective To investigate the correlation between social jetlag and psychological behavior in upper primary school students,so as to provide reference for sleep health promotion in primary school students.Methods From April to June 2024,a survey was conducted among 4341 fourth-and fifth-grade students from 9 public primary schools in a district in Beijing.Sleep patterns were assessed using a self-designed questionnaire,while psychological behavior was evaluated using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire(SDQ)(parent version).A generalized estimating equation(GEE)model was used to examine the association between different levels of social jetlag and psychological behavior problem scores in primary school students.Results The proportions of students with social jetlag of<1.0,1.0-<2.0,and≥2.0 h were 57.6%,30.6%,and 11.8%,respectively.The GEE model analysis found that after adjusting for covariates,compared with primary school students with social jetlag of<1.0 h,those with 1.0-<2.0 and≥2.0 h had higher scores for internalizing behavior problems[β(95%CI)=0.23(0.05-0.41),0.28(0.02-0.54),P<0.01].Primary school students with≥2.0 h of social jetlag had higher scores for externalizing behavior problems[β(95%CI)=0.42(0.13-0.71),P<0.01].Among boys and primary school students with an average nighttime sleep duration of≥9 h,comparied with social jetlag of<1.0 h,those with sucial jetlag 1.0-<2.0 h had higher scores on internalizing and externalizing behavior problems[β(95%CI)=0.32(0.07-0.56),0.51(0.11-0.90),0.26(0.06-0.46),0.58(0.25-0.91),P<0.05].Conclusions Greater social jetlag may be a risk factor for internalizing and externalizing behavior problems in upper primary school students.Reducing social jetlag may help decrease the occurrence of psychological behavior problems in primary school students.

关 键 词：昼夜节律 精神卫生 回归分析 学生 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] G444[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] Q428[哲学宗教—心理学]