Anisotropic flow,flow fluctuation,and flow decorrelation in relativistic heavy-ion collisions:the roles of sub-nucleon structure and shear viscosity  

作　　者：Jie Zhu Xiang-Yu Wu Guang-You Qin 朱杰;吴祥宇;秦广友

机构地区：[1]Institute of Particle Physics and Key Laboratory of Quark and Lepton Physics(MOE),Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China [2]Fakultät für Physik,Universität Bielefeld,D-33615 Bielefeld,Germany [3]Department of Physics,McGill University,H3A 2T8 Montreal,QC,Canada [4]Department of Physics and Astronomy,Wayne State University,Detroit MI 48201,United States

出　　处：《Chinese Physics C》2025年第4期90-100,共11页中国物理C(英文版)

基　　金：Supported in part by the Natural Science Foundation of China(12225503,11890710,11890711,11935007);Zhu Jie is supported in part by the China Scholarship Council(202306770009);Wu Xiang-Yu is supported in part by the National Science Foundation within the framework of the JETSCAPE collaboration(OAC-2004571);in part by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.Some of the calculations were performed in the Nuclear Science Computing Center at Central China Normal University(NSC3),Wuhan,Hubei,China.

摘　　要：We study the transverse momentum(pr)differential anisotropic flow and flow fluctuation in Pb+Pb collisions at√S_(NN)=5.02 TeV at the LHC.A(3+1)-dimensional CLVisc hydrodynamics framework with fluctuating TRENTO(or AMPT)initial conditions is utilized to simulate the space-time evolution of the quark-gluon plasma(QGP)medium.The effects of shear viscosity and the sub-nucleon structure on anisotropic flow and flow fluctuation are analyzed.Our result shows that shear viscosity tends to suppress both flow coefficients(v_(2)(2),v_(2)(4),and<ν_(2))and flow fluctuation(δν_(2))owing to its smearing effect on local density fluctuation.The flow coefficients appear to be insensitive to the sub-nucleon structure,whereas the flow fluctuationδν_(2)tends to be suppressed by the sub-nucleon structure in central collisions but enhanced in peripheral collisions.After taking into account the subnucleon structure effect,our numerical result can qualitatively describe the relative flow fluctuations(v_(2){4}/v_(2){2},F(v_(2)))measured by the ALICE Collaboration at the LHC.We further investigate the effects of shear viscosity,subnucleon structure,and initial condition model on theflow angle and flow magnitude decorrelations(A_(2)^(f),M_(2)^(f))using the four-particle correlation method.We find that the flow decorrelation effect is typically stronger in central collisions than in peripheral collisions.The flow angle decorrelation is found to be insensitive to the shear viscosity and sub-nucleon structure,whereas the flow magnitude decorrelation shows quite different behaviors when using the TRENTO and AMPT initial condition models.Our study sheds light on the anisotropic flow,transport properties,and initial structure of the QGP created in high-energy nuclear collisions.

关 键 词：heavy-ion collisions relativistic hydrodynamics anisotropic flow flow fluctuation fow decorrelation sub-nucleon structure shear viscosity 

分 类 号：O571.2[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理]