需方视角下的普惠型商业医疗保险知信行现状及影响因素研究  

A Study on the Current Status and Influencing Factors of Knowledge,Attitudes,and Practices in Inclusive Commercial Health Insurance from the Demand-Side Perspective

作　　者：贾燕妮 谷文 徐立君 曹译尹 冷磊 崔向锦 周澜 施佳轩 李浩飞 金旭 黄卫东[1] Jia Yanni;Gu Wen;Xu Lijun;Huang Weidong(School of Health Management,Harbin Medical University,,Harbin,Heilongjiang,150081,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学卫生管理学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150081

出　　处：《中国卫生经济》2025年第3期25-29,93,共6页Chinese Health Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72274045)。

摘　　要：目的:从需方视角系统评估样本省份居民普惠险知信行现状及影响因素。方法:通过配额抽样方法,使用问卷星平台开展面对面调查,收集调查对象的人口学特征和知信行情况。采用t检验、方差分析和χ2检验对比不同群体间的差异,利用多元线性回归和结构方程模型分析知晓程度、态度和参与行为影响因素及三者间的路径关系。结果:在收集的415份有效问卷中,不同人口学特征的受访者在知晓程度、态度和参与行为之间存在明显差异。回归分析结果表明,教育程度、体检次数以及是否参与其他商业健康险是影响知晓程度的重要因素;教育程度、是否参与其他商业健康险、自评健康状况是影响态度的重要因素;年龄、教育程度、体检次数、是否参与其他商业健康险是影响参与行为的重要因素。路径分析结果显示,普惠险的知晓程度、态度(β=0.379,P<0.001)和参与行为(β=0.323,P<0.001)存在显著的直接关联,并通过态度中介影响参与行为(β=0.016,P<0.001),但态度对参与行为的直接影响不显著(β=0.04,P=0.403)。结论:样本省份居民对普惠险态度积极,但知晓程度和参与行为有待提高。建议加强有针对性的教育和宣传措施,促进普惠险的健康可持续发展。Objective:It aims to systematically evaluate the current status of knowledge,attitude,and practice(KAP)regarding universal commercial medical insurance among residents of the sample province from the demand-side perspective.M ethods:Utilizing a quota sampling method,face-to-face surveys were conducted via the Questionnaire Star platform to collect demographic characteristics and KAP data of the participants.Comparisons of differences among different groups were made using t-tests,analysis of variance,and chi-square tests.Furthermore,multiple linear regression and structural equation modeling were utilized to analyze the influencing factors of KAP,as well as the pathways among these three factors.Results:Out of the 415 valid questionnaires collected,there were notable differences in KAP among respondents with diverse demographic backgrounds.Regression analysis revealed that education level,frequency of health check-ups,and engagement in other commercial health insurances significantly influenced knowledge;education level,involvement in other commercial health insurances,and self-assessed health status were pivotal in shaping attitudes;whereas age,education level,frequency of health check-ups,and participation in other commercial health insurances were critical in affecting practice.The path analysis results indicate that knowledge of universal commercial medical insurance has a significant direct association with attitude(β=0.379,P<0.001)and practice(β=0.323,P<0.001).It also influences practice through attitude as a mediator(β=0.016,P<0.001),but the direct effect of attitude on practice is not significant(β=0.04,P=0.403).Conclusion:While residents in the sample province exhibit a positive attitude towards universal commercial medical insurance,there is a need to enhance their level of knowledge and engagement in practice.It is recommended to strengthen targeted educational and promotional measures to promote the healthy and sustainable development of universal insurance.

关 键 词：普惠型商业医疗保险 需方 知信行 影响因素 

分 类 号：R1-9[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] R19-0