电子档案中电子印章“去技术化”的法律问题及解决路径  

Legal Issues and Resolution Pathways of"De-technologization"in Electronic Seals within Electronic Archives

作　　者：张瑞华[1] 郑毅[2] 高大伟[2] Zhang Ruihua;Zheng Yi;Gao Dawei

机构地区：[1]商丘职业技术学院 [2]郑州航空工业管理学院

出　　处：《档案管理》2025年第2期24-28,33,共6页Archives Management

基　　金：2024年国家社会科学基金年度一般项目“面向数字孪生建造的工程档案数据管理体系构建研究”(项目批准号:24BTQ017)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：2023年4月19日,国家档案局印发了《电子档案管理办法(征求意见稿)》,其中第十七条第二款明确提出,“电子档案只保留电子印章的印章图形,不保留数字签名信息,确需保留的,须经档案馆同意”,即电子印章“去技术化”。电子印章“去技术化”有利于档案保管单位提高对电子文档的保管效率,增强电子档案管理系统的独立性。但是,“去技术化”也不可避免地会导致电子印章的完整性与真实性的下降。因此,本研究提出电子印章“去技术化”恢复法律功能的原则和路径,旨在解决电子印章“去技术化”所导致的电子档案真实性存疑、长期存档容易失效等法律问题,确保电子档案的原始性、真实性和完整性以及电子档案管理系统的独立性。On April 19,2023,the National Archives Administration issued the"Measures for the Management of Electronic Archives(Draft for Comment)."Article 17,Paragraph 2 explicitly states:"Electronic archives shall only retain the graphical representation of electronic seals,not the digital signature information.If retention is necessary,it must be approved by the archives,"which signifies the"de-technologization"of electronic seals.The"detechnologization"of electronic seals is conducive to improving the efficiency of archival storage units in managing electronic documents and enhancing the independence of electronic archive management systems.However,"detechnologization"inevitably leads to a decline in the integrity and authenticity of electronic seals.Therefore,this study proposes principles and pathways for restoring the legal functionality of electronic seals post-"de-technologization,"aiming to address legal issues such as doubts about the authenticity of electronic archives and the potential failure of long-term archiving caused by"de-technologization."This ensures the originality,authenticity,and integrity of electronic archives,as well as the independence of electronic archive management systems.

关 键 词：电子档案 电子印章 去技术化 法律功能 技术依赖 证据效力 长期保存 合法利用 

分 类 号：G270.7[文化科学—档案学]