清末民国时期民间文书封皮的修复研究——以四种太行山文书封皮修复为例  

Research on the Restoration of Folk Document Covers During the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China——Taking the Restoration of Four Taihang Mountain Document Covers as Examples

作　　者：姚娇 Yao Jiao

机构地区：[1]河北省高等学校人文社会科学重点研究基地“邯郸学院太行文书研究中心”

出　　处：《档案管理》2025年第2期63-68,共6页Archives Management

基　　金：“2025年度河北省社会科学发展研究课题”(课题编号:20250601001);2024年度邯郸市哲学社会科学规划课题“太行山文书册籍类红色文献原生性保护研究”(课题编号:XW2024217)研究成果之一。

摘　　要：清末民国时期的太行山文书中,麻纸、桑皮纸、机制纸以及棉质青布四种材质的封皮最为常见,在遵循最少干预和最长寿命原则前提下,依据四种民间文书封皮的破损程度、纸张类型及封皮机械强度,并综合考虑文书整体破损情况制定不同的修复方案,残损程度较低的封皮可不拆页修复,对于修复残缺面积较大和严重酸化的机制纸封皮,可实施整页托裱,并加置护叶和新封皮;封皮纸张材质与破损程度对修复技法的选择影响较大,每种修复方案可选择补、溜、揭、加固、托等修复技法中的一种或多种,其中麻纸和桑皮纸封皮以补、溜、加固为主,机制纸和棉布封皮以托裱为主。In the Taihang Mountain documents of the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China,the covers made of four materials,namely hemp paper,mulberry bark paper,machine-made paper,and cotton green cloth,were the most common.Based on the principles of minimal intervention and longest service life,different repair plans were developed according to the degree of damage,paper type,and mechanical strength of the covers of the four types of folk documents,and taking into account the overall damage situation of the documents.The covers with lower damage can be repaired without dismantling the pages.For machine-made paper covers with larger damaged areas and severe acidification,whole page mounting can be implemented,and protective leaves and new covers can be added;The material and degree of damage of the cover paper have a significant impact on the selection of repair techniques.Each repair plan can choose one or more repair techniques such as patching,sliding,peeling,reinforcement,and shelving.Among them,hemp paper and mulberry paper covers are mainly patched,slid,and reinforced,while machine paper and cotton paper covers are mai nly mounted.

关 键 词：民间文书 太行山文书 文书修复 封皮修复 托裱 修复性保护 技术规范 

分 类 号：G256.3[文化科学—图书馆学] G255.1