藻源性溶解性有机物分子指纹解析和消毒副产物形成潜势  

Molecular Fingerprint of Algal-Derived Dissolved Organic Matter and Potential Formation of Disinfection By-Products

作　　者：陈晶 周永强[2,3] 张运林 何晨[4] 史权 郭全忠 张淑兰[1] 葛光环[1] CHEN Jing;ZHOU Yongqiang;ZHANG Yunlin;HE Chen;SHI Quan;GUO Quanzhong;ZHANG Shulan;GE Guanghuan(College of Chemistry and Environment,Ankang University,Ankang 725000,China;State Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China)

机构地区：[1]安康学院化学与环境学院,陕西安康725000 [2]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,湖泊与流域水安全全国重点实验室,江苏南京210008 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]中国石油大学(北京),重质油全国重点实验室,北京102249

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2025年第4期840-851,共12页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：安康市科学技术研究发展计划项目(No.AK2023-RK-03);安康学院高层次人才科研专项经费项目(No.2023AYQDZR20);安康市2024年主导产业重大科研攻关项目(No.AK2024-JBGS-03)。

摘　　要：在富营养化水体中由藻类代谢或死亡后释放的藻源溶解性有机物(ADOM)是自来水厂消毒副产物生成的主要前体物质,其对水源地水质安全构成潜在威胁。为探究蓝藻水华消退期ADOM在湖泊微生物作用下的释放和转化规律,以太湖处于衰亡期的蓝藻作为研究对象,设立对照湖水组和添加蓝藻组进行室内微生物降解实验,利用光谱和傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱(FT-ICR MS)技术全面表征溶解性有机物(DOM)在宏观和微观层面的转化特征。结果表明:①蓝藻短期降解释放出大量ADOM,水体溶解性有机碳(DOC)、溶解性有机氮(DON)和溶解性有机磷(DOP)浓度升高,且其能够促进浮游细菌生长,随微生物(包含细菌、放线菌和病毒)作用时间延长,最终添加蓝藻组的DOC、DON和DOP的矿化率分别为45.23%、82.07%和81.40%。②ADOM经微生物作用后,其有色DOM(CDOM)量被削减且分子量变小;蓝藻降解产生的类蛋白组分被微生物快速消耗,而生物难利用的类腐殖质组分则逐渐累积。③蓝藻释放的ADOM经微生物转化后,其分子组成与对照湖水组的DOM趋于一致。在微生物作用过程中,所识别的微生物降解分子为藻源饱和脂类,而产生的分子则表现出更高不饱和度。④ADOM在饮用水氯消毒工艺中会产生有毒的消毒副产物(DBPs),蓝藻在经历微生物长期作用后,水体中仍能够检出形成DBPs前体的DOM分子(即C_(18)H_(31)O_(9)N_(3)和C_(2)0H_(31)O_(11)N类化合物)。研究显示,微生物作用对水中ADOM浓度和赋存状态都有影响,在蓝藻衰亡前期促进ADOM释放,在蓝藻衰亡后期可以削减ADOM对水质的影响,但水体中仍有少量DBPs前体DOM分子存在,因此,蓝藻水华消退末期的水源地水质安全与DBPs前体DOM处理仍然需要关注。Algae-derived dissolved organic matter(ADOM)originates from algal exudates or lysed algal cells in eutrophic water.ADOM due to promoting the formation of harmful disinfection by-products(DBPs)in water plants poses a potential threat to the safety of drinking water.In order to investigate the microbial-driven release and transformation of ADOM during the algal disappearance period,this study collected decaying cyanobacterial scums from Lake Taihu and carried out indoor incubation experiments using lake water only and lake water with algae under dark conditions.Our study comprehensively characterized DOM transformation at both the macroscopic and microscopic levels using spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry.The results showed that:(1)At the short term of decay,a large amount of cyanobacterial organic matter was released,and the concentrations of dissolved organic carbon(DOC),dissolved oxygen nitrogen(DON)and dissolved organic phosphorus(DOP)increased significantly,which could promote free-living bacterial growth.As the degradation time increased,45.23%of DOC,82.07%of DON and 81.40%of DOP were mineralized in the cyanobacterial organic matter together with the microbial community(include bacteria,actinomycetes,and viruses).(2)Ultraviolet-visible(UV-Vis)analysis showed that the content and molecular weight of Chromophoric dissolved organic matter(CDOM)decreased after microbial degradation.Parallel factor analysis and excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy showed that most algal-derived protein-like substances were degraded into recalcitrant humic-like substances by microorganisms.(3)Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(FT-ICR MS)revealed that the composition of ADOM and lake DOM after microbial treatment tended to be similar,and the identified removed molecular formulas are primarily composed of algae-derived saturated lipids during microbial action.The generated molecular formulas showed a high degree of unsaturation.(4)In chlorine disinfection of algae-laden waters,ADOM is consi

关 键 词：太湖 藻源溶解性有机物(ADOM) 溶解性有机物(DOM) 分子组成 傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱(FT-ICR MS) 消毒副产物(DBPs) 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]