热带海洋环境新型桥梁用耐候钢腐蚀行为  

Corrosion behavior of novel weathering steel for bridges in tropical marine environment

作　　者：刘波[1] 宋晖[1] 张凡 LIU Bo;SONG Hui;ZHANG Fan(CCCC Highway Consultants Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]中交公路规划设计院有限公司,北京100088

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2025年第3期165-174,194,共11页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFB0300604);中国政府重点援助项目(2015400101034)。

摘　　要：【目标】为探讨热带海洋环境下桥梁用耐候钢的腐蚀行为,以马尔代夫马累-机场岛跨海大桥耐候钢的耐腐蚀性研究为背景,对不同钢材的腐蚀规律进行了系统研究。【方法】通过对Q235钢、普通耐候钢和3%Ni钢进行室内周浸加速腐蚀试验模拟热带海洋环境下的腐蚀过程,同时进行现场大气暴露试验,分析不同钢材在环境中的腐蚀速率与锈层演变情况。【数据】经过720 h的室内加速腐蚀试验,Q235钢、普通耐候钢和3%Ni钢的腐蚀速率分别为1.35,1.13和1.0 mm/a。经过2 a的现场暴露试验,Q235钢的腐蚀速率为0.585 mm/a,锈层不再具有保护性;普通耐候钢的腐蚀速率约为0.073 mm/a,且锈层具有一定的保护作用;3%Ni钢的腐蚀速率维持在0.036 mm/a附近,表现出较优的耐腐蚀性能。通过腐蚀形貌、锈层截面及成分分析,揭示了Ni元素在3%Ni钢锈层中的关键作用。【结果】3%Ni钢在热带海洋环境下表现出显著优于其他钢材的耐腐蚀性能,其主要原因在于Ni元素能够有效促进致密且稳定的保护性锈层的生成。【结论】结合腐蚀特性与锈层形成机理,展示了3%Ni钢优异的耐腐蚀性能,进一步揭示了3%Ni钢在CX大气腐蚀环境下的腐蚀演化规律,并基于试验数据,给出了3%Ni钢在该环境下的腐蚀量预测值,为其长效防腐设计提供了数据支撑和科学依据。[Objective]To explore the corrosion behavior of bridge weathering steel in tropical marine environments,the corrosion behaviors of various types of steel were methodically studied based on the study of weathering steel adopted for Male Airport Island sea-crossing bridge in Maldives.[Method]By conducting the laboratory immersion accelerated corrosion tests on Q235 steel,ordinary weathering steel,and 3%Ni steel to simulate the corrosion process in tropical marine environment,and conducting the in-situ atmospheric exposure tests,the corrosion rate and rust layer evolution of various steels in the environment were analyzed.[Data]The corrosion rates of Q235 steel,ordinary weathering steel and 3%Ni steel are 1.35,1.13,1.0 mm per year respectively after 720-hour laboratory accelerated corrosion test.After 2-year in-situ exposure test,Q235 steel has the corrosion rate of 0.585 mm per year,and the rust layer no longer has protective properties.The corrosion rate of ordinary weathering steel is 0.073 mm per year,and the rust layer has a certain protective effect.The corrosion rate of 3%Ni steel is maintained around 0.036 mm per year with better resistance against corrosion.The key role of Ni element in rust layer of 3%Ni steel is revealed by the corrosion morphology,rust layer section and composition analysis.[Result]3%Ni steel demonstrates much better corrosion resistance in tropical marine environments compared with other steels.The main reason is that Ni element can effectively promote the generation of dense and stable protective rust layer.[Conclusion]Considering the corrosion characteristics and rust layer formation mechanisms,this study demonstrates the excellent corrosion resistance of 3%Ni steel.The further study reveals the corrosion evolution pattern of 3%Ni steel in CX atmospheric corrosion environment.Based on the test data,the predicted corrosion amount of 3%Ni steel in such environment was found.The findings can provide the data support and scientific basis for long-term anti-corrosion design.

关 键 词：桥梁工程 腐蚀行为 大气暴露试验 耐候桥梁钢 热带海洋环境 氯离子沉积率 

分 类 号：U448.36[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]