炼油装置原油罐区重油和污油预脱水破乳剂研究  

Research on Demulsifier for Pre-dehydration of Heavy Oil and Slop Oil in Crude Oil Tank Farm of Refining Unit

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作  者:陈培磊 CHEN Peilei(Guangdong Petrochemical Co.,Ltd.)

机构地区:[1]广东石化有限责任公司,622000

出  处:《油气田地面工程》2025年第4期54-60,共7页Oil-Gas Field Surface Engineering

摘  要:广东石化炼化一体化项目炼油装置在加工部分进口重质原油和工艺污油的过程中,由于重油黏度和密度大、含水率高、油水乳状液稳定性强,以及回收工艺污油残余乳化含水率高的原因,常减压电脱盐装置频繁出现脱水电场波动和放水含油量超高等运行问题。通过评价原油罐区奥瑞特重油和工艺污油的油水分离特性,确定提升奥瑞特重油预脱水效果的关键在于促进原油中受Brown运动影响、难以通过重力沉降去除的直径10μm以下的细小水滴发生聚集和聚并;工艺污油为高稳定性W/O型乳状液,改善其破乳脱水效果的重点是快速消除静置沉降过程中油水层之间的过渡层。评价得出:破乳剂DE-2305在加药质量浓度为60 mg/L的情况下可改善奥瑞特重油在低温下的重力沉降脱水效果;破乳剂DE-2305对原油罐区内的工艺污油具有良好的破乳效果,在目前工艺污油没有可用加药装置加药的情况下,可通过在520罐区来的巴士拉油或巴士拉油重油中投加质量浓度120 mg/L DE-2305,将巴士拉油或巴士拉油重油和工艺污油按1∶1体积比混合倒入另一储罐进行沉降的方法实现工艺污油的破乳脱水处理。实验结果表明:破乳剂DE-2305对广东石化公司原油罐区奥瑞特重油和工艺污油有良好的破乳效果,适合进行工业推广应用。In the process of processing some imported heavy crude oil and process slop oil in the refining unit of Guangdong Petrochemical Refining and Chemical Integration Project,due to the high viscosity and density of heavy oil,high water content,strong stability of oil-water emulsion,and high residual emulsified water content of recovered process slop oil,the operation problems of the atmospheric and vacuum electric desalter frequently occur,such as dehydration electric field fluctuation and ultra-high oil content in discharged water.By evaluating the oil-water separation characteristics of Orrit heavy oil and process slop oil in crude oil tank farm,it is determined that the key to improve the pre-dehydration effect of Orrit heavy oil is to promote the aggregation and coalescence of fine water droplets with a diameter less than 10μm which are affected by Brown motion and difficult to be removed by gravity settlement in crude oil.Process slop oil is a W/O emulsion with high stability,and the key to improving its demulsification and dehydration effect is to quickly eliminate the transition layer between oil and water layers during static sedimentation.It is evaluated that demulsifier DE-2305 can improve the gravity sedimentation dehydration effect of Orrit heavy oil at low temperature when the dosage is 60 mg/L.Demulsifier DE-2305 has a good demulsification effect on the process waste oil in the crude oil tank farm.Under the condition that the process slop oil cannot be dosed by dosing device at present,120 mg/L DE-2305 can be added into Basra oil or Basra oil heavy oil from 520 tank farm,and the Basra oil or Basra oil heavy oil and process slop oil are mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1 and poured into another tank for sedimentation to achieve the demulsification and dehydration treatment of process slop oil.The evaluation results show that demulsifier DE-2305 has a good demulsification effect on Orit heavy oil and process slop oil in the crude oil tank farm of Guangdong Petrochemical Company,and is suitable for industrial

关 键 词:原油罐区 重质原油 污油 脱水 破乳剂 

分 类 号:TE624[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]

 

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