公共性匹配与研究机构科研产出——基于TOE框架的组态分析  

Public Matching and Research Institute Scientific Output:A Configurational Analysis Based on the TOE Framework

作　　者：陈启凡 薛澜[1] CHEN Qifan;XUE Lan(School of Public&Management,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学公共管理学院,北京100084

出　　处：《科学学与科学技术管理》2025年第3期3-21,共19页Science of Science and Management of S.& T.

基　　金：中国科学技术协会定向委托项目(2022070615CG062202);北京市科学技术委员会、北京市科技战略决策咨询委员会战略咨询专项(Z231100007323001)。

摘　　要：近年来,随着科技在全球经济和社会发展中的重要性日益凸显,政府对公共研究机构的资源投入也在不断增加。然而,尽管资源投入逐年增长,公共研究机构的科研产出绩效仍存在较大的提升空间。这一现象表明,资源投入与科研产出绩效之间并非简单的线性关系,而是受到多种复杂因素的综合影响。特别是现有研究往往孤立地探讨技术、使命和资源等特定维度的公共科研机构治理问题,忽视了各维度“公共性”的不同组合形式如何影响公共研究机构的科研产出绩效。这种单一维度的研究视角,无法全面揭示公共研究机构治理的复杂性和多样性,也难以对提升科研产出绩效提供系统的解决方案。基于组态视角,研究将“技术—组织—环境”(technology-organization-environment,TOE)框架应用于我国科研治理的制度情境与公共研究机构科研活动的实践场景,采用模糊集定性比较分析(fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis,fs QCA)的方法,对中科院京区三十余家研究机构的案例进行实证分析。研究发现:(1)存在驱动高水平科研产出绩效的三条路径:以“技术—身份—资源”公共性匹配克服技术设施和制度适应性不足的“代偿型”;以“技术—身份—资源”公共性匹配克服技术设施和规制公共性不足的“脱耦型”;以“技术—身份—规制”公共性匹配外加技术设施建设及制度适应性的“均衡型”;(2)对于拥有不同客观禀赋条件的研究机构,“技术—身份—资源”和“技术—身份—规制”公共性匹配可以通过等效替代以“殊途同归”的方式提升科研机构产出质量。In recent years,with the increasing importance of science and technology in the global economic and social development,the government's investment in public research institutions is also increasing.However,despite the increase in resource input year by year,there is still much room for improvement in the performance of scientific research output of public research institutions.This phenomenon shows that the relationship between resource input and scientific research output performance is not a simple linear relationship,but is influenced by a variety of complex factors.In particular,existing studies often discuss the governance of public scientific research institutions in specific dimensions such as technology,mission and resources in isolation,ignoring how different combinations of"publicity"in each dimension affect the scientific research output performance of public research institutions.This single-dimensional research perspective cannot fully reveal the complexity and diversity of governance of public research institutions,and it is difficult to provide systematic solutions to improve the performance of scientific research output.Based on the configuration perspective,this paper studies the application of the"technology-organization-environment"framework to the institutional scenario of scientific research governance in China and the practical scenario of scientific research activities in public research institutions,and makes an empirical analysis of the cases of more than 30 research institutions in Beijing,Chinese Academy of Sciences by using the method of fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis(fs QCA).It is found that:(1)there are three paths to drive the performance of high-level scientific research output:the"compensatory"type to overcome the lack of adaptability of technical facilities and systems by matching the publicity of"technology-identity-resources";Overcoming the"decoupling type"of insufficient publicity of technical facilities and regulations by matching the publicity of"technology-ident

关 键 词：公共研究机构治理 多维公共性 科研产出 TOE框架 要素耦合 

分 类 号：C24[社会学] F204[经济管理—国民经济] G311[文化科学]