圣扎卡里亚的“金礼拜堂”:威尼斯的黄金时空  

The“Cappella d'Oro”of San Zaccaria:Space and the Times of Venetian Gold

作　　者： 王欣萌(译) Alison Wright

机构地区：[1]英国伦敦大学学院艺术史系 [2]北京大学艺术学院

出　　处：《美术观察》2025年第4期20-30,共11页Art Observation

摘　　要：本次讲座主要探讨了意大利威尼斯圣扎卡里亚教堂的金礼拜堂(Cappella d’Oro)以及它在文艺复兴时期的意义。讲座从对金礼拜堂的建筑和装饰的详细描述开始。金礼拜堂的祭坛画和装饰在历史上经历了多次修复,讲座特别关注黄金在不同历史照明条件下的表现。威尼斯作为地中海和欧洲金条交易的中心,黄金对当地居民具有特殊的重要性。黄金在这里不仅是物质财富的象征,还与宗教艺术紧密相连,被视为对圣徒的敬意和礼物。讲座重点分析了金礼拜堂的社会和文化背景,包括修女作为委托人的角色,以及礼拜堂与总督和城市政治的关系。礼拜堂的祭坛画不仅是视觉上的享受,也是多感官体验的一部分,与唱诗和香炉的烟气共同营造了教堂最神圣空间的氛围。金礼拜堂从教堂的一部分转变为博物馆空间,修女们的社会地位和礼拜堂的社会功能也随之变化。金礼拜堂的金饰和装饰不仅是对过去的致敬,也是对修女们社会地位和精神追求的体现。The lecture focuses on the“Cappella d'Oro”of San Zaccaria in Venice and its significance in the Renaissance.The lecture begins with a detailed description of the Cappella d'Oro's architecture and decoration.The altarpiece and decoration of the chapel have undergone many restorations throughout history,and the lecture pays special attention to the performance of gold under different historical lighting conditions.As Venice is the center of the Mediterranean and European gold bullion trade,gold is vital to residents.Here,gold is not only a symbol of material wealth,but also closely linked to religious art,and is seen as a tribute and gift to the saints.The lecture will focus on analyzing the social and cultural context of the Cappella d'Oro,including the role of nuns as commissioners,and the relationship of the chapel to the Doge and the politics of the city.The altarpiece of the chapel is not only a visual enjoyment,but also part of a multi-sensory experience,which together with the singing and the smoke of the incense burner creates the atmosphere of the most sacred space in the church.The Cappella d'Oro's transformation from part of the church to a museum space,as well as the nuns'social status and the chapel's social function,change over time.The gold ornaments and decorations of the Cappella d'Oro are not only a tribute to the past,but also a reflection of the nuns'social status and spiritual aspirations.

关 键 词：金礼拜堂 祭坛画 多感官体验 黄金 

分 类 号：TU-092[建筑科学—建筑理论]